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Censorship 'Can't Be The Only Answer' To Anti-Vax Misinformation, Argues EFF (eff.org) 313

Despite the spread of anti-vaccine misinformation, "censorship cannot be the only answer," argues the EFF, adding that "removing entire categories of speech from a platform does little to solve the underlying problems."

"Tech companies and online platforms have other ways to address the rapid spread of disinformation, including addressing the algorithmic 'megaphone' at the heart of the problem and giving users control over their own feeds... " Anti-vax information is able to thrive online in part because it exists in a data void in which available information about vaccines online is "limited, non-existent, or deeply problematic." Because the merit of vaccines has long been considered a decided issue, there is little recent scientific literature or educational material to take on the current mountains of disinformation. Thus, someone searching for recent literature on vaccines will likely find more anti-vax content than empirical medical research supporting vaccines. Censoring anti-vax disinformation won't address this problem.

Even attempts at the impossible task of wiping anti-vax disinformation from the Internet entirely will put it beyond the reach of researchers, public health professionals, and others who need to be able to study it and understand how it spreads. In a worst-case scenario, well-intentioned bans on anti-vax content could actually make this problem worse. Facebook, for example, has over-adjusted in the past to the detriment of legitimate educational health content...

Platforms must address one of the root causes behind disinformation's spread online: the algorithms that decide what content users see and when. And they should start by empowering users with more individualized tools that let them understand and control the information they see.... Users shouldn't be held hostage to a platform's proprietary algorithm. Instead of serving everyone "one algorithm to rule them all" and giving users just a few opportunities to tweak it, platforms should open up their APIs to allow users to create their own filtering rules for their own algorithms. News outlets, educational institutions, community groups, and individuals should all be able to create their own feeds, allowing users to choose who they trust to curate their information and share their preferences with their communities.

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Censorship 'Can't Be The Only Answer' To Anti-Vax Misinformation, Argues EFF

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  • by SirAstral ( 1349985 ) on Saturday May 04, 2019 @01:47PM (#58538546)

    Along with marginalizing people, calling them names and associating them with your enemies if they do not believe 100% of everything you believe in. It's also okay to call them inhuman and seek to remove their rights because people you do not like do not deserve rights. If they wanted any rights they should have believed, voted, acted, and thought the exact same way that you do.

    People need to start figuring out that the tools governments, businesses, and others use to oppress you are derived from the tools you voted to give them to silence your enemies... do don't get shocked when they turn them on you! It's not if, it's just a matter of when.

    The goal of government is to obtain as much power as it can. And the only backs or necks to stand on for that are the citizens.

    • by kqs ( 1038910 ) on Saturday May 04, 2019 @02:04PM (#58538638)

      Along with marginalizing people, calling them names and associating them with your enemies if they do not believe 100% of everything you believe in. It's also okay to call them inhuman and seek to remove their rights because people you do not like do not deserve rights.

      We've done that, with african-americans (can't let them vote!), homosexuals (can't let them marry!), trans-folks (can't let them use my bathroom!), muslims (gotta ban them!), hispanics (papers please!), and so many more. (Did you support any of those efforts, when you weren't the one being targeted?) But the odd thing is that none of those people were actually dangerous.

      Unvaccinated people, on the other hand, are dangerous to us all. I'm old enough that I've probably lost my measles immunity. I'm getting another shot soon, but I only need to because a bunch of gullible people believed obviously-false information about vaccines, so measles is no longer wiped out in my area.

      So you don't need to believe in 100% of what I believe in. But if you're going to endanger everyone, then we're gonna try to make you no-longer-dangerous. We'll remove the minimal rights so that you are no longer a danger. Or you can choose to make yourself not a danger by getting a vaccination.

      • And pretty soon that same reasoning will be used to require you do do or else. Think that moslem province in China. If you think the "wrong way", we'll "educate" you so you are not a danger to the population. Signed: 2-time measles vaccinated.
    • I'm not saying that zombies don't deserve rights, I'm just saying that the right to refuse treatment shouldn't be one of those rights. In this case.

  • Really? (Score:5, Insightful)

    by OYAHHH ( 322809 ) on Saturday May 04, 2019 @01:48PM (#58538548)

    Look, I am 100% pro vaccinations.

    But who the hell does some asshole geek think he is attempting to censor what people say and do online.

    Censorship is NOT a solution.

    Don't believe that then don't you dare go and tell me that those folks who want to keep birth control information from being taught at schools are wrong.

    You don't get to play on both sides of the fence. Your "opinion" is no better than anyone else's regardless of what you perceive your edumication to be.

    Either you are for censorship or you are not.

    Oh, by the way, twerking an algorithm to downplay one opinion or another, that's censorship.

    • Re:Really? (Score:5, Insightful)

      by RazorSharp ( 1418697 ) on Saturday May 04, 2019 @02:07PM (#58538642)

      Don't believe that then don't you dare go and tell me that those folks who want to keep birth control information from being taught at schools are wrong.

      This is a terrible analogy. You're comparing the restriction on education in schools to a restriction on bullshit on a private server.

      You do, inadvertently, approach the real crux of the issue: our educational system doesn't prepare students to distinguish between bullshit and non-bullshit. Anti-vax conspiracies only work because there are enough dumb people to fall for it. The EFF and you both take a very idealistic approach—in an ideal world the marketplace of ideas allows the cream to rise to the top. But the whole marketplace of idea concept is premised on the idea that the citizenry is composed of individuals who can distinguish between a strong argument and a weak one. The internet is turning into a megaphone of stupid and we're on the path to electing Dwayne Elizondo Mountain Dew Herbert Camacho in the near future.

      I think that entities on the internet shouldn't—in a more ideal world—have to censor idiots like anti-vaxxers because doing so attacks the symptoms rather than the problem. But the problem—the fact that, as a country, we refuse to nationally prioritize education—doesn't appear to being solved anytime soon.

      • Re:Really? (Score:4, Funny)

        by sfcat ( 872532 ) on Saturday May 04, 2019 @03:34PM (#58539040)

        The internet is turning into a megaphone of stupid and we're on the path to electing Dwayne Elizondo Mountain Dew Herbert Camacho in the near future.

        Are you sure we haven't already. I could seriously see him yelling an congress with a machine gun in his hand. Congress is strangely the more stable body at this point. Usually its the other way around.

    • Re: (Score:3, Insightful)

      by Brett Buck ( 811747 )

      Agreed 100%! People should be and are allowed to hold any opinions they want, even if they are offensive, ignorant, or just egregiously stupid (like this example). We have laws, as long as they are not breaking a law, they can do exactly what they please and express any opinion they want, even if it is to the detriment of themselves and negatively influence others. Anything else is oppression. We have a system of laws that limit the harm they can do to others.

      Censorship in *any* form cannot be tole

      • Re:Really? (Score:4, Insightful)

        by AmiMoJo ( 196126 ) on Saturday May 04, 2019 @03:50PM (#58539108) Homepage Journal

        Censorship in *any* form cannot be tolerated in a free society

        What about doxing information? What about your medical records? What about involuntary pornography, including of children? What about state secrets vital for defence?

        There are things that should be censored. Not all that many, but they exist. No country in the world has zero censorship of any kind, it's always a question of where the line is.

        If you really want to support freedom of speech you have to accept that and frame your arguments in that context, otherwise they will be dismissed because it's easy to find examples of things most people do want censored.

        • In point of fact, your home address is public record, and can be viewed by anyone.

        • Instead of considering "things most people do want censored" I suggest that Americans consider that much has been dealt with in freedom of speech, far more than most people are aware of. Take time to read already-argued American law on this and read opinion of people who do research on free speech. Some specific examples of the latter include Nadine Strossen's "Defending Pornography: Free Speech, Sex and the Fight for Women's Rights" and "Hate: Why We Should Resist It with Free Speech, Not Censorship". I ha

    • by Anonymous Coward

      Oh, by the way, twerking an algorithm to downplay one opinion or another, that's censorship.

      Disinformation is not a point of view.
      Lies are not opinions.

      Furthermore these liars aren't just casually talking about their lies. They are actively gaming the system to promote their lies above normal discourse. Why do they deserve a disproportionate boost from cheating? There aren't an infinite number of top slots - how many people look past the first page or two of google search results? Why do the anti-vaxx liars deserve any of those top slots over factual results?

    • I am only 99% pro vaccination.

      I got my vaccines, and my kids got theirs. I have no doubt that they fully work as advertised. But there are things to be discussed nonetheless, like:

      When vaccinating a few months-old bany, one is making an immense intrusion into the immune system at a most sensitive time, namely before it is actually developed into its "ripe" form (2-3 years of age). Do we really, fully, understand all of the implications? (Hint: no, we don't. Who ever suggests we do is being dishonest.) What

    • Comment removed (Score:5, Insightful)

      by account_deleted ( 4530225 ) on Saturday May 04, 2019 @03:11PM (#58538956)
      Comment removed based on user account deletion
      • Full enough censorship to suppress them is probably not achievable unless you're willing to kill a bunch of people.

        That's why it is so much more realistic to just vaccinate by force, and not bother with "censorship."

    • Re:Really? (Score:5, Insightful)

      by Chris Mattern ( 191822 ) on Saturday May 04, 2019 @03:32PM (#58539036)

      You don't get to play on both sides of the fence. Your "opinion" is no better than anyone else's regardless of what you perceive your edumication to be.

      While I'd like to see this solved without censorship too, you reminded me of an old Isaac Asimov quote:

      "Anti-intellectualism has been a constant thread winding its way through our political and cultural life, nurtured by the false notion that my ignorance is just as good as your knowledge"

    • You don't get to play on both sides of the fence. Your "opinion" is no better than anyone else's regardless of what you perceive your edumication to be

      If I'm a physician and you're not, you bet your ass my opinion on vaccination is better than yours. If I've consulted experts (for example, anything the CDC has said on the subject) about the consequences of my private business refusing to publish the ranting of antivaxers, --and you haven't-- then yes, my opinion is better than yours.

      Equality means that eac

    • I kind of think its a bigger problem that just censorship - there's a lot of fringe movements that are growing rapidly because of social media (see flat earthers) - some of these movement really do affect public heath. It is kinda scary that a good chunk of the anti-vaxer movement started with two people - and now its a world-wide phenomenon with no end in site. Policy decisions really do need to be grounded in actual science.

      Facebook was used to incite violence in Myanmar - something that may not have happ

    • Oh, by the way, twerking an algorithm to downplay one opinion or another, that's censorship.

      No it's not, that's sales and marketing.

      FB and Twitter created this mess when they settled on a business model that funneled people into bubbles that reinforced their kooky ideas.
      If anything it's the opposite of censorship because it amplifies crazy voices.
      Now though, they are popping some of those bubbles, which only goes partway to fixing the problem they created.
      But they're doing it to protect their own butts because it's just a matter of time before they have to settle a $trillion+ class action sui

    • If the geek has the website, they're the publisher. They sure as fuck do get to choose if they want to publish an author, or not. That's true regardless of how many lame authors they have, too.

      And never twerk an algorithm. If you can't dance, get off the floor.

    • When somebody chooses not to allow something on their dollar. If the anti-vax want push their own agenda they should put their money where their mouth is.

      Social media companies and tax payers and should not be forced to fund their ignorance.

  • Agree 100% (Score:5, Insightful)

    by Shane_Optima ( 4414539 ) on Saturday May 04, 2019 @01:49PM (#58538564) Journal
    During epidemics, I'm on board with even criminal enforcement of vaccination (as happened recently in NYC). I have almost no patience whatsoever for the ultra-libertarian interpretation that says we should indulge stupidity to the point of allowing people to endanger the lives of those around them.

    But the conspiracy theorists don't need more ammunition, and we don't need to set any bad precedents here.

    I do think that in many cases "mandatory truth" is a better solution than censorship--basically, sources have to give a disclaimer that what they're about to say has been thoroughly disproved by science. Not for casual conversation between individuals (that too would be a precedent I wouldn't want to see happen), but for all commercial text and commercial-sponsored text... why not? It's the equivalent of the warning label on cigarettes. "This shit can kill you if you actually use it." Warning labels on bad ideas--much more effective than banning them, I think.
    • Re:Agree 100% (Score:4, Insightful)

      by AmiMoJo ( 196126 ) on Saturday May 04, 2019 @03:56PM (#58539138) Homepage Journal

      The problem with all these conspiracy theories is that they rely on simple, easy to understand ideas and part of the conspiracy is that real doctors and scientists are untrustworthy.

      The truth is more complex, you need real knowledge of medicine to really understand it, and the information comes from people who have already been depicted as liars and malicious actors.

      Anti-vax is one of the worst because it plays on people's fears for their children, some of the strongest instincts we have as human beings.

      The only way it seems to get resolved is either mandatory vaccination or you just let some children die or get brain damaged or disfigured, and let them act as a warning that is more powerful than the anecdotal "my kid got autism from MMR!" And just to be clear, letting kids die is not a desirable solution, especially as the ones dying are sometimes the ones who did get vaccinated.

      • by RedK ( 112790 )

        part of the conspiracy is that real doctors and scientists are untrustworthy.

        There was a time when doctors recommended smoking tobacco. Imagine if we had censored and silenced the anti-tobacco lobby, and made Tobacco consumption mandatory in response.

  • by RalphSlate ( 128202 ) on Saturday May 04, 2019 @01:51PM (#58538574) Homepage

    This may be one of the defining issues of our era - how to balance the notion of free speech with the newfound ease for people to create and promote propaganda?

    Most people do not have the ability, when bombarded on hundreds of different issues, to separate truth from fiction. That makes it worse - well-funded actors can create what amount to alternate realities, and people don't seem to be able to break out of them.

    It will probably get worse, as the ability to falsify videos becomes better. It will be possible to irrefutably rewrite history. Imagine if someone "unearthed" a trove of recordings that purported to "prove" that the Holocaust was made-up by Roosevelt and Churchill to get the US involved in WW2, while simultaneously showing evidence that life in Germany was thriving under Hitler, and that the US conspired to take him down because his economic policies threatened a world order which had the US and England at the top? If someone did this properly, they could easily convince 25% of the population of its truth.

    • 48%

    • The weird part is, you mix truth and fiction in a way you accuse your enemies of doing. Germany definitely represented an existential threat to the London-based bankers. Remember: all wars are bankers' wars. The part about Roosevelt is fake, the mass killings didn't start until well after the invasion of Germany's ally Russia. The world order definitely had Britain at the top and the bankers waged many wars to make it so. India was conquered and exploited for decades for the benefit of those banksters.
    • It will probably get worse, as the ability to falsify videos becomes better. It will be possible to irrefutably rewrite history. Imagine if someone "unearthed" a trove of recordings that purported to "prove" that the Holocaust was made-up by Roosevelt and Churchill to get the US involved in WW2, while simultaneously showing evidence that life in Germany was thriving under Hitler, and that the US conspired to take him down because his economic policies threatened a world order which had the US and England at

  • by Kohath ( 38547 ) on Saturday May 04, 2019 @01:58PM (#58538616)

    It would help if public health authorities weren't so disastrously wrong so often. The Food Pyramid alone is enough to make entire generations distrust everything government "experts" say about anything.

    The next thing that would help is an end to ad hominems as a widely accepted response to any argument. Any study with an inconvenient result is always funded by big [whatever], so no thinking is needed.

    Deplatforming as a tactic to deal with ideas is right there on the list. If "shut up" is an acceptable argument, then expect anti-vaxxers to use it too.

    You want people to use reason and facts, use them yourself.

    • by gweihir ( 88907 )

      Indeed. Government lying to the population is an extremely bad thing, because the population will not listen when they are not lying.

      However, the anti-vaxxers (much like the flat-earthers, or really any kind of worldly or religious fanatic) are not accessible to rational argument. They are special-topic Dunning-Kruger far-left and as such cannot even comprehend that they may be wrong, too mentally blocked in this specific question.

  • by DrXym ( 126579 ) on Saturday May 04, 2019 @01:59PM (#58538624)
    Just rank the anti-vax shit into oblivion using page ranking criteria that favors science and evidence based sites.
    • If I ban you from Facebook or hide your posts both have the same effect. You can say "Well, I can still search for it" but you can't. You'll be result 10000000 on page 99,999. You're not even noise at that moment.

      Don't get me wrong, I support deplatforming anti-vaxxers. At a certain point if you're running a site and you allow misinformation to spread on your site, often for your own profit (anti-vaxxer posts generate ad revenue same as everything else) you're complicit. If it were me I wouldn't want to
  • "removing entire categories of speech from a platform does little to solve the underlying problems."

    The problem is not foolish ideas, it's the spread of foolish ideas. Nobody is attempting to stop anti-vaxxers from being fools, they are attempting to stop fools from infecting other fools with their foolish ideas.

    "Tech companies and online platforms have other ways to address the rapid spread of disinformation

    But they are both more complex and less effective.

    Platforms must address one of the root causes behind disinformation's spread online: the algorithms that decide what content users see and when.

    Incorrect! The root cause of disinformation's spread is that fools believe disinformation because it lights up their right amygdala with fear. Far too many humans rely mostly on emotion and do and believe what feels good rather than what is fact

    • by Kohath ( 38547 )

      Idealism is great but we need to admit that some people are ruled by their emotions and will fight you tooth and nail out of fear.

      People who aren't under attack tend not to "fight tooth and nail". One thing that would help quell fear is less aggressive government.

      Instead we have politics that's dominated by revenge and hatred. That seems like something one might be wise to fear — except if you happen to notice that all the aggression and revenge and hatred ends up not actually changing much.

      • One thing that would help quell fear is less aggressive government.

        If they're being incited to irrational fear and not actually persecuted by the government, then that is absolutely not true.

  • Censorship is always evil.

    Refusing to vaccinate yourself and endangering society is selfish and reprehensible at best. Refusing to vaccinate your kids and putting their health and welfare in danger is evil. Don't censor the anti-vaxxers. Instead you should take their kids away and put them in foster care for the good of the kids and society.

    • by gweihir ( 88907 )

      No need for that. Just mandate vaccinations to go to any public place, office (also a doctor's), school, shopping mall, etc. If they want to build their own community out in the dessert somewhere, that is fine by me. But they have no place among regular folks.

  • We all owe it to each other to ensure our air is breathable wherever we go, and free of contagions all the while. Especially ones that can be avoided. If someone is not vaccinated, should they be required to wear a mask, for their own protection as well as others? Longer term, Is there a way to better understand immunology and the cause of reactions blamed-on innoculation? Lets face it, our clinical practice has not focused on the outlier, but on the common good. This is where clinical research needs to
  • Related to this discussion ...

    The anti-vaxxers in Canada are becoming more active and aggressive, buying billboard ads in Toronto [www.cbc.ca], and threatening physicians [www.cbc.ca].

    The impact is that a portion of the population have become vaccine hesitant [www.cbc.ca], affected by the anti-vaxxer misinformation.

    • by PPH ( 736903 )

      So, what's up with Americans threatening Canadian physicians over their position on vaccinations?

      The threats to both doctors were reported to police.

      Both physicians said police told them the IP addresses for the emails were in the U.S.

      It's not like Canadian doctors are going to be coming down south and sticking people with needles. The anti-vaxers are just plain nuts.

  • by bugs2squash ( 1132591 ) on Saturday May 04, 2019 @03:44PM (#58539090)

    So some people believe something they heard from some crank on the internet more than they believe peer-reviewed scientific research or the experience of their parents, friends and practically everyone else around them. Use it...

    Allow a theory to emerge that the MMR vaccine offers some resistance to the generically mutated anthrax that the army plans to test secretly on rural communities. Then strenuously refute that rumor in an official message from the government, and at the same time announce a shortage of the vaccine.

  • The right way, is to allow this, but have sites be allowed to control who is on there. Right now, there is NO controls on Google, Facebook, twitter, etc. Why? Because you can NEVER ID who is behind the postings. Until sites have ways to deal with this, then postings from these ppl will continue.
  • by gweihir ( 88907 ) on Saturday May 04, 2019 @04:23PM (#58539250)

    Censorship is connected to power. Anti-vaxxers are anti-truth, where they stand with regards to power varies. Hence they have to be fought by providing truth. Fighting them using censorship is very dangerous and only will make them feel even more justified in their demented stance.

    That said, of course if there is a larger outbreak, I am not opposed to mandatory vaccinations or isolation of those non-vaccinated. Accepting individual stupidity can go only so far if it threatens society.

    • Censorship is connected to power. Anti-vaxxers are anti-truth, where they stand with regards to power varies. Hence they have to be fought by providing truth. Fighting them using censorship is very dangerous and only will make them feel even more justified in their demented stance.

      Fighting them with truth doesn't work either. Just like other crazy people, such as creationists or flat-earthers, the truth they are denying is well established and beyond any reasonable doubt. Attempting to fight them with truth is pointless because they've already decided to close the ears to it and because engaging them in public debate only serves to legitimize them in the eyes of uneducated fence-sitters. Conspiracy theorists just entrench themselves and close the brains when faced with an onslaught

  • Comment removed based on user account deletion
  • The only way to combat bad information is with good information. If you can't argue your position, then maybe your position is wrong.

    • You're implying that the audience has the interest to listen and the capacity to decide which information is real and which is BS. Those are some big assumptions.

      There really are some stupid people in the world who can't be reasoned with. Quite a few of them, I'm afraid.

  • Censorship is inappropriate at several levels, starting with either the concepts of the 1st amendment or the original internet.

    The pharmas don't have a great track record. If I say, well there have been pharma disasters that outright killed people, including a lot of kids, you might mention drug disasters, medical experiments gone awry, or old vaccine incidents of the 1940-1950s, but "not today". WRONG
    French vaccine maker Sanofi Pasteur recently wangled a school vaccine program with its new Dengvaxi
  • Given that smoking in public places got banned because of the health effects on passive smokers I think Anti-Vaxers should be banned from public places like schools. Why not deport them to Africa, they cannot afford vaccination there so they should fit in perfectly.

    • Why not deport them to Africa, they cannot afford vaccination there so they should fit in perfectly.

      Uh... have you checked the vaccination rates outside the US? Not every nation in Africa does as poorly as the US.

  • is a lack of critical thinking skills. Censorship won't fix that, but it will stop the damage being done until the missing critical thinking skills can be taught to the dopes (assuming it's possible to teach critical thinking).

  • I was taught the importance of hand washing at home as a child. Yet at primary school I was taught again because some children still needed to be taught the importance of hand washing after using the toilet. As adults the majority of people understand the reasons. However I often notice people leaving a toilet cubicle and heading out the door without washing and expect they were never taught the importance or just choose to ignore it.

    Education is the key, but some people will still not learn, the best wa

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