How Private Are Sites' Membership Lists? 265
Something like this is actually possible with quite a few well-known sites -- given a person's e-mail address, it is possible to find out if they have an account with Match.com, PayPal, Netflix, eBay, Amazon, and Google (and, by the way, Slashdot [CT: We'd fix it if I thought it mattered]). For some of those sites, it may even be possible to take a long list of e-mail addresses and use an automated process to find out which of those addresses have accounts with those sites (something I didn't want to risk trying myself, but as a general rule, if you can do it once, you can do it many times, at least if you do it slowly enough). It does not enable the attacker to extract addresses from a site's membership rolls, which is a much more serious type of breach -- in this case, the attacker would have to already know a list of e-mail addresses, and would only be able to find out which of those addresses have accounts with a given service. And it definitely wouldn't enable an attacker to extract more sensitive information like passwords or personal data. But the ability to get a yes/no answer for whether an e-mail address belongs to a member of a given site, should be something that the site designer should take into account. I'm not even saying that it should necessarily be considered a security hole in most cases, just that it should be something that the site designers decide whether or not they want to permit it -- not something that was left in the open accidentally. Representatives from PayPal and Netflix assured me that they knew about the possibility of this attack and had countermeasures to detect it. In the case of Match.com, on the other hand, I would argue it looks like an oversight. For other sites, whether it's a security hole or not depends on your point of view.
There are three main causes for concern with this issue. The first is simple privacy -- for a site like Match.com, a person may not want other people to be able to find out that they're a member. The second is the possibility of making phishing attacks easier. If a phisher sends spam to a huge number of recipients, hoping to trick them into entering their login details on a counterfeit site, then generally their success rate would be proportional to the number of recipients who are members of that site (of which a certain percentage will be duped into entering their login info), but the speed at which the phishing site is shut down would be proportional to the total number of recipients (since any recipient would carry the same likelihood of reporting the phishing site to an ISP and helping to get it shut down). So if the phisher could find out which addresses on their list belong to actual members of a given site, and send mail to just those people, they could get more successful attacks in proportion to the number of e-mails sent. This is especially true of "puddle phishing" attacks, where only a small percentage of recipients are likely to be members of the site being phished. The third possibility is that the data could be valuable to spammers wanting to advertise a competing site -- a spammer advertising a dating site, for example, could get more band for their buck by advertising only to Match.com members. (Maybe even try a hybrid spam-with-just-a-hint-of-phish -- spam that says "Rejected a lot on Match.com?" to make the user think at first that the e-mail really is from Match.com, but then steer them towards a competitor.)
With a build-up like this, the attack is disappointingly simple. (In fact, I listed the possible consequences of the attack first, because otherwise the attack itself is too easy to dismiss.) If you haven't already guessed at least one of these methods, the three easy ways to find out if an e-mail address is associated with an account at a given site, are:
- Try to create a new account with that e-mail address. See if you get an error message saying the address is already associated with an account.
- Log in under an existing account, and try to switch to another e-mail address. See if you get an error message saying the address is already associated with an account.
- Use the forgot-your-password feature to request a password be sent to a given e-mail address. See if you get an error message saying that address is not associated with an account.
With most popular sites that I tested, at least one of the above methods fail, but at least one other method succeeds. On Netflix, for example, the forgot-your-password form requires you to enter a last name and a credit card number, so that form can't be used to find out who is a member. On the new member signup page, though, you can enter an e-mail address and be told whether that e-mail address already belongs to a member. With Match.com, on the other hand, I already mentioned the weakness in the password-reset form, but if I tried to sign up for a new account but I didn't correctly pass the Turing test (reading numbers off a graphic and entering them in a text field), Match.com wouldn't tell me if the e-mail address was associated with an existing account. So that form could not be used to sift through 100,000 addresses and find which ones were Match.com members, but it could be used to find out if an individual person was a subscriber.
There are at least two simple countermeasures to this type of attack. The first is to require a Turing test when a user creates a new account, requests a password reset, or changes their e-mail address on file, and make sure that if the Turing test isn't completed correctly, then no error message is displayed about whether a given e-mail address does or does not exist in the system. This makes it hard for attackers to sift through a mountain of e-mail addresses finding out which ones already belong to accounts, but it still enables someone to check if someone is a member, one person at a time. For sites where that would be a privacy concern (again I'm thinking of Match.com), the other solution is better: send an error message to the e-mail address entered, not displayed to the user in their browser. If you try to sign up as joeblow@aol.com, and that address is already associated with an account, then display the normal message telling the user to check their inbox for confirmation -- but then send them a message saying their address is already in the system. eBay, for example, gets this right on their "forgot your userid" page -- if you enter an e-mail address not associated with an eBay account, it simply says, "eBay just sent your User ID to joeblow@aol.com. Check your email to get your User ID." (On the other hand, eBay's new user signup page lets you check if an e-mail address is assigned to an existing member, without needing to pass a Turing test.)
Netflix, eBay and PayPal also responded to say that they had monitors in place to detect "suspicious" activity, saying that even in cases where the forms did not require a Turing test, they could dynamically detect if someone were using a script to submit the form over and over to harvest data, but they declined to go into more detail. It seems to me this could work for forms that require you to be logged-in, but not for forms that don't. For example, on the Netflix new user page, how would they detect if it's the same person submitting e-mail addresses over and over again? Not by IP address -- you can use Tor and farms of open proxies scattered across the Internet to make it appear as if you're coming from lots of different IP addresses. However, consider the PayPal add-a-new-email-address form. This form does not require a Turing test, and does give you an error message if you try to add an address associated with another account. At first I thought this might be a loophole that an attacker could use to find all the PayPal users in a long list of addresses, but PayPal told me that if you do this enough times under the same account, eventually you will hit a limit where the form starts requiring a Turing test. I never got high enough to hit that limit. However, in this case the "dynamic detection" could actually work -- because you can only perform this action while logged in, and after you hit the limit, to continue testing more addresses would require another PayPal account -- and creating additional throwaway PayPal accounts does require a Turing test for each one. So I'll take their word for it that that attack is blocked, although, it seems to me it would be easier just to require a Turing test on the add-a-new-address page.
On the other hand, perhaps in the case of a site like Netflix, it's not something that users really need to worry about, if the company has no problem with it. Big deal, an attacker can find out whether you're a Netflix user -- but that's not a huge privacy violation, it's not like I shamefully hide those red envelopes under my shirt while I'm scurrying back from the mailbox. Now, a spammer can take a list of addresses and run them through the form to find out who is a Netflix customer, and then spam those users trying to lure them to a competing service -- but that's Netflix's problem, not ours, isn't it? (Well, it's our problem that we get the spam. But without using this attack, the alternative was that the spammer was just going to spam everybody on their list anyway, so by that argument, this attack actually results in less spam all around!)
Except... perhaps an attacker could try the third type of attack, a phishing attack to get people's Netflix usernames and passwords, but not in order to compromise their Netflix account, rather to see if the person has an account with the same password at eBay or PayPal. Perhaps a user would be wary of a PayPal phish since they see so many of them, but they might fall for a Netflix one -- although then the attacker's success would be limited to people who had Netflix and PayPal accounts, and were using the same password for them both...
So it seems to me it's not obvious when this should be considered a problem. (All of the sites mentioned in this article were e-mailed about this issue months ago, and so far none of them considered it a serious enough threat to block all three of the avenues of attack listed above.) If abuse of this type becomes common, perhaps eventually these "queryable membership lists" will come to be considered in the same way as open mail relays -- which were never considered a glaring security hole, but were abused in ways that triggered a shift in people's thinking that got them to be gradually phased out, going from open relays being the default standard up to the early 90's, to the point where many ISPs today prohibit customers from running them. Maybe "queryable membership lists" will start to be abused more, if anti-spam technologies get smart enough that spammers can't send 1 million messages at a time any more and have to limit themselves to, say, 100,000 messages at a time to get through people's filters, so they have to pick which 100,000 of their addresses they could get the most value out of. Or maybe things will go in a completely different direction and this will never become a problem. I just think that, for now, we should be aware that some form of this trick works on the majority of sites that require an account, and the types of abuses described are at least possible.
Hmmmm (Score:2, Interesting)
Not exactly (Score:2, Insightful)
Re:Not exactly (Score:5, Insightful)
Think telecoms. I sign up for a service. I have to give a certain amount of information for service to my home of course as well as billing etc. Said company gets an enticing offer by a few marketing companies for their client list and any semblance of privacy has been taken from us without our consent, or deceptively with it, as consent was granted signing the contract for the service. Said consent was buried deep in the 6pt font on the back of Form B line 492.
How about credit card companies? Or major retail outlets? Many of these places offer reward cards or credit cards and the lists are sold off to other companies to use at their leisure. An old professor of mine used to have a Shopper's Drug Mart Optimum card. Shopper's Drug Mart is a massive chain in Canada (maybe in the US too?). Her son has a very rare disorder that requires a cocktail of drugs supplemented with high amounts of vitamin C. She started receiving snail mail spam regarding fresh fruit direct to her door as well as garbage mail from a competing pharmaceutical company regarding some meds. She only shopped at Shopper's and she always used her optimum points card. Outraged by this, she contacted the company who admitted that they do sell (or did at that time, about 10 years ago) their client lists to some "select and reputable companies."
Yeah sure right. They sell to whoever will pay large. When it comes to customer privacy, so long as the company realizes they have a stranglehold on a market, they can do what they want because either there is no competition, therefore no alternative for the consumer, or that their market dominance is such that even if they do lose a bunch of customers or have to deal with some legal issues, the benefits/profits far outweigh these marginal hiccups.
There are aspects of privacy one should not expect to retain (walking in public and not being noticed, or photographed etc) it is quite a different problem entirely when a company starts selling off or divulging information. Any of these releases of info should be opt-in only. Heck, in a lot of ways I believe a phone book should be the same way vs. paying to opt-out with an unlisted number.
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Re:Not exactly (Score:4, Insightful)
Now with something like a retail outlet, sure it is possible to overtake them, but if you start something in NYC and I'm in the middle of Arizona, it will take perhaps a decade or more before your mythical company can come and save me from the nasty retail overlords that dominate my realm.
You might be able to help out a few but the many would still be suffering. It will take a massive revolt the likes of the civil war to overturn all the laws that protect these gargantuan companies. So sure, the little companies abusing their customers may fizzle out, but the real abusers, the big bullies will just buy their way out of the mess.
Re:Not exactly (Score:5, Insightful)
Well, there is one way to almost get an unlisted number for free. You CAN tell them how you want your number listed. Say your name is Joe Franklin Sixpack. You can tell them you want it listed as J. F. or you can actually slide weird names by them occasionally (they do like to keep in similar to real name). Maybe do your name as J. Franklin, or F.Sixpack, or try to slip one like Francis S.....anyway, you can get away with this...they started doing it I think so single women wouldn't stand out so much in the phone books...but, you can pretty much choose what name is displayed with your name.
When I had a landline, and when I got a call asking for the 'weird name' I had listed in the phone book, I knew immediately that it was a marketer...and just told them wrong number, or that person had died or something....
Answer (Score:5, Insightful)
Problem solved.
Re:Answer (Score:5, Insightful)
Additionally, it is a good idea to not use the exact same username for each site you have to "sign up" for, especially if you are unsure of the sites policies. The main problem for most folks is trying to remember all of this information when they want to log in. I've heard of devices that will help with this but have never tried them.
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Actually, anyone can do this if they have a gmail account. Any address of the form "myaddress+suffix@gmail.com" will be sent to "myaddress@gmail.com". So if you want to see who's sending you spam, just create a new address of that form for each site you register to.
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You can do the same with gmail. Just create a mail filter on the To: line and instruct it to delete the emails. Easy peasy. And works for those who don't maintain their own email infrastructure.
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Essentially, it's
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Re:Answer (Score:4, Interesting)
Better yet, give such an email address to your girlfriend. This serves three purposes:
:-D
Besides, this whole question strikes of a very paranoid, insecure girlfriend. Maybe it's a sign that she's not worth holding onto. If I got caught with an account on match.com by a girl who were my girlfriend at the time, my gut reaction would be to ask "What kind of psycho nutjob are you?" followed by "Get the [expletive deleted] out of my house."
Also, an account on Match.com is a really bad example. Having an account doesn't tell you anything except that the person did at one time use said service. Asking if the guy created the account since [date relationship began] would be a more telling sign that the guy was unhappy in the relationship, but still would not be evidence of cheating. Evidence of cheating is... oh, I don't know, some other woman's undergarments under the couch cushion, another woman's hair in the shower drain, another woman's personal articles in the back seat of the car, etc., and even then, those can all be explained in other ways---a prior relationship, a next door neighbor doing bathroom remodeling, and taking your friend's daughter home from school because your friend was too busy/sick/abducted by aliens....
Short of catching the guy out with another woman, all you have is reasonable cause for suspicion, and girls, if you don't trust the guy you're with, you should break up with him. It really doesn't matter if your suspicions are confirmed or not unless you were friends before the relationship and hope to still be afterwards, but in that case, you wouldn't distrust the guy, would you? All that continuing a relationship built upon a lack of trust is going to do is eventually end in a divorce when that lack of trust turns into something nasty, either because you find out the guy really is cheating or because the guy finally gets sick of being treated like a criminal in his own home. Either way, it isn't a healthy relationship, and it is better to just get out the first time you think something might be wrong rather than going around acting like a psycho stalker. Here's a hint: normal guys really DON'T like that.... It's creepy.
The sites where membership would potentially be embarrassing (e.g. Playboy.com) would be expected to have much tighter limits on that sort of information, and would not be expected to give it out without significant proof that you are the account holder. I could be wrong, though. Might be worth testing just to find out. Volunteers?
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What worries me more, is that my mother, who is not my guardian anymore (by a longshot) can still call educational institutions that I attend and get information about my enrollment with nothing more than my name and social security number. She's hardly what anyone would call an expert in social engineering.
Or how about banking? Many banks use your ssn as an identity verification. Both stupid AND dangerous! Somewhere along the line someone decid
Re:Answer (Score:4, Funny)
Even worse, places of prospective employment can call universities and get information about my enrollment as well (oftentimes without my social security number)! How many times have I lost a potential job from an employer who called a University to find out I never graduated. What a load! they should obviously by law only be allowed to take what I say about it.
Give me a break.
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OTOH, I know someone who got a college degree by calling colleges until he found someone with the same name who graduated at a time when he was of
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Seriously, I think this would only work for the dumbest employers. But for those employers who are likely to check at all, they'll do something more than just give the name and date of graduation. There were a half-dozen students with my name at the same time I was enrolled.
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Or maybe, just maybe, we are solving the wrong problem here. Do i really need to explain something is wrong w
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While I'm at it, I'll solve world hunger by just making sure people have enough to eat.
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Eventually, she's going to find out anyway. Maybe not today, maybe not tomorrow, but one day.
Better not to keep secrets.
But for general privacy concerns, I think throw-away email addresses are good advice.
Answer? Try SpamGourmet. (Score:3, Insightful)
I've got to plug SpamGourmet.com. It's perfect for temporary throw-away addresses, like "slashdot.5.myalias@spamgourmet.com" which is my way of saying, "I've given my email address to a site called slashdot. They're only allowed to send mail to this address 5 times. After that, they bounce. The first five that make it through will be forwarded to an email address of my specification."
Of course there's the risk that a spammer would learn about spamgourmet and decide to exploit it by sending 115ASG123.2
Re:Answer (Score:4, Funny)
Doh! (Score:2, Funny)
Well, match.com accounts last forever (Score:2)
Wish I remembered the password, apparently the free account is still active, and can be sold to slackers on EBay for $$. Since the email is no longer valid (the domain name is long gone) I can't reset the password.
Re:Doh! (Score:5, Funny)
Then I realized it's a slashdot article, and thus ignores my gender's existence.
Re:Doh! (Score:5, Funny)
Ignore it? Hardly. We obsess over the existence of you gender endlessly. Problem is that we obsess over it in much the way we obsess over dragons, Bigfoot, UFOs, The Loch Ness Monster and other mythical creatures.
*looks through subscriptions* (Score:5, Insightful)
If most spouses were savvy enough to call up sites and ask for information on their significant other, they probably would have caught them previously in some way, shape or form.
Chat logs, history and everything else, show quite a bit of information for any computer-literate person to evaluate.
Not only that, but I'm sure that anyone smart enough to hide everything and cover their trail, wouldn't leave personal information for their spouse to find.
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Of course... if the relationship is already at the point where they're attempting to secretly investigate each other, it's a dead relationship anyways...
Nephilium
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But, you are right, marital infidelity is hard to cover up. My spouse and I have a covenant that should either of us want to stray it's automatically OK so long as neither of us hides it from the other (from family is fine, but not from each other). This has worked out very well as one of us was... interested in another person. This person was known to both of us, and was reciprocal in the interest. Nothing ended up happening, because my wife and I were able to t
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need to check the regdate too (Score:5, Insightful)
what if they met on match.com. but then she figured out he had two match.com accounts, like a secret one. then he would be cheating on her.
Seems to me... (Score:5, Insightful)
Re:Seems to me... (Score:5, Insightful)
Seems to me that if a society decides that paranoia is required in order to "earn" privacy, it should quit being surprised when it creates paranoid people.
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Except in this case, it is the individual themselves who is the custodian of their own privacy. If they have something to hide, they should use a email account that no one else is aware of.
Not that I sympathize with the original poster, who is arguing for privacy rights simply as an avenue of deceiving someone who is in a close, personal relationship with them. I believe the founding fathers concept of privacy
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The issue here isn't inherently privacy related, the problem only exists because people presume that your email address having an account indicates something
Re:Seems to me... (Score:5, Funny)
It's going pretty well with my latest one I think. She's a bit shy though. Every time I call her it's nothing but awkward silences. Plus she's started closed the curtains
Re:Seems to me... (Score:4, Funny)
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...thought it mattered (Score:5, Funny)
Thought it mattered?!? I don't want people being able to find out that I'm a nerd!
I can see it now... (Score:5, Funny)
Harold, I know... you've been on that Slashdot site again haven't you? Haven't you? Admit it!!!! You're fooling around with Ubuntu... behind my back!!!
Re:I can see it now... (Score:4, Funny)
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We need to have a talk. Dear aunt, let's set so double the killer delete select all.
Paging CmdrTaco (Score:2)
Privacy on match.com? (Score:5, Insightful)
And while I'm thinking about it, if you're using match.com while you're already in a relationship with somebody then maybe you need to have a talk with that person and let them know things aren't working out.
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Kind of like how if you start looking for a new job, you invariably let your boss and coworkers know that with any luck you're going to be leaving soon, right?
I'm not saying it's *right* to be looking around when you're in a relationship, unless you're one of those godforsaken poly people, but there are lots of people who do exactl
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The real question is 'so what'? If *I* had an long disused and inactive 'match.com' account and my wife found out about it, so what, I've got nothing to hide.
Of course, my wife wouldn't have to ask match.com, she could (and would) just ask me.
And no, this isn't a case of
Login error notifications (Score:2, Interesting)
Either you're together, or not, or you're open... (Score:2)
If Joe Blow gets caught, tough. If his girlfriend KNEW he was logging in to such sites, then she could live with it or walk away on her own. IF she finds out by other means, whatever they may be aside fro
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What a steaming pile! If they loved the person, they wouldn't f`ing cheat on them to begin with!!! WTF is with people trying to justify their disgusting practices with lies like that?
Essay? (Score:2)
Proper password management (Score:2)
Many (most) email systems now will allow suffixed addresses, typically using "+" as the separator. Chances are that most of the services that use email address as a username or have the features that allow a third party to detect whether a particular email address is registered will treat "foo@domain.example" as entirely distinct from "foo+bar@domain.example". So most people have easy access to throw away addresses. Unfortunately this doesn't fully solve the problem. Sites use email addresses as identif
Shame... (Score:2)
So here you are, making a big fuss about some perceived privacy problem. Yet appearantly privacy mainly means being able to hide the thing you are ashamed of. If that is all you are concerned with your privacy is not the problem.
So let me get this straight... (Score:2, Insightful)
Why would you use match.com? (Score:2)
And why would you use your regular email address? There is no anonymity on the Internet.
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How much privacy should one expect? (Score:2)
Don't use your personal email address! (Score:5, Insightful)
The first is your personal email address you give to friends and people who you actually want to communicate with.
The second is your 'account' address you give to companies, organisations, websites that you either have a financial arrangement with or some other connection that you actually care about.
The third is your 'trash & spam' address you give to websites/organisations that demand it, but you don't care about and never read.
I do this, and no person or organisation knows of the other. Not because it's a massive secret, but simply because they've no need to know. So in the scenario given here; my signup at Match would either be on my 'account' or 'trash & spam' email address and my girlfriend would only know my personal address.
Anyways, if I was the lying, cheating type, all I'd need to do would be tell the girlfriend that it was a ancient account I signed up to years ago and never use now.
Because sites tend to confirm them... (Score:2)
Article starts off with wild assumptions (Score:5, Funny)
An even simpler solution (Score:2)
I use an even simpler solution to the problem than any Mr. Hasselton suggests. Each site I sign up with where I care about this gets a unique e-mail address dedicated to them, one that isn't my regular e-mail address. I don't bother telling anyone else what these site-specific addresses are because nobody but that site should be sending mail to them anyway. Anyone checking my regular e-mail addresses would get back "not a member", since that address isn't a member. They can try and guess what different addr
joeblow? (Score:2)
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Would you swim in shark infested waters with a gash in your leg?? same kind of thing
me i happen to have a full domain (with 350 gigs of space) so i don't really care if i get spam on that domain (but i don't have a catchall)
Slashdot is the most secure site out there (Score:3, Funny)
Suspicious data (Score:2)
no data protection laws in the USA (Score:3, Insightful)
But until you get decent DP laws there's little you can do...
More of a concern to me (Score:3, Insightful)
1) Do as the poster suggests, and harvest a list of valid email addresses
2) Attempt to log on as those users (either by guessing that their username is probably the same as the username in their email address).
3) Repeat step 2 until the user account hits the "too many invalid login attempts" theshold, and gets locked out.
4) Repeat step 2 for every email address you have.
Voila. Service = denied. That user now has to go through the "reactivate my account" procedure, which probably involves several minutes of effort and possibly a Security Question that they might not remember. And if the script kiddie is doing his "job" right, that person will be locked out again by the next time they try to log in.
This can get annoying very quickly, especially on a time-sensitive site like eBay (where you are trying to win an auction), or even a stock-trading site.
All your logins belong to us (Score:2)
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All your logins are belong to us
Blush.
who gets to decide? (Score:4, Insightful)
This is a perfect example of the heart of the privacy issue: who gets to decide what is and what is not a matter of privacy, what information is "worth" privacy protection, what circumstances warrant privacy, and what does not.
You can bet that the answer the vast majority of corporate America is going to respond with is "we do".
Re:anyone here use match.com? (Score:5, Funny)
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20+ y.o. male geek, likes long walks on the beach, dark rooms, WoW, and Ubuntu, seeking female with similar interest to keep me company in my parents basement while I hack -- prefer a virgin.
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There may be no crime perpetuated by the villagers themselves but what of visitors?
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Are you serious? First sentence in the article: "The Panopticon is a type of prison building . . . " Which is exactly what a world without privacy would be.
"May your chains set lightly upon you, and may posterity forget that ye were our country[man]."
Samuel Adams
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> building . . . " Which is exactly what a world without privacy would be.
The key feature of the Panopticon is that the guards have complete privacy. The prisoners can be observed at any time but can never know who is watching or when. In a world without any privacy you would know who was watching you when and could watch them in turn. Knowledge is not power. Secret knowledge is power.
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I believe a person's right to privacy ends when they're breaking the law -- adultery is still illegal last I checked
Maybe in some states, but last I checked it's not illegal in most states.
at least insofar as it's a violation of a marriage contract --
I don't know much about marriage law. But I've never heard of anyone being charged with a crime, at least in the last 30 odd years for committing adultery. I was under the impression most states had "no fault divorce laws" on the books many years ago.
or when
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Wow, if "causing harm to an innocent third party" (assuming non-physical) is illegal, then can I put Rush Limbaugh in jail because he pisses me off?
No, you have to get him for abusing prescription drug medications.
I didn't mean to imply that causing harm to an innocent third party is illegal, but it is clearly wrong, at least IMO.
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Just because something is illegal does not mean it is wrong. Just because it is wrong does not make it illegal. For example, it is illegal in the USA state of Georgia to have oral sex with your wife. At least it was in 1989 when James David Moseley went to prison for 17 months for going down on his wife. It was consensual. http://www.ling.upenn.edu/~kurisuto/ [upenn.edu]
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I have an open relationship. Each of us get to play with most anyone we want to. There are a few rules, but not many. In my world there isn't a lot of difference between "lying" and "cheating" in a relationship. They are both a violation of trust.
I agree. Polyamory introduces a third dimension of complication, but the basics -- trust and communication -- are equally essential for any poly relationship as for any monogamous relationship. Maybe more so, because there's a lot of communication required fr
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From the statement, I guessed that you were female. Most females I know seem to think that adultery is illegal or if it is not, that it should be.
Sorry Jennifer, it is not illegal. I thought pagans enjoyed a verity of non-standard living arrangements... Polygamy, e
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From the statement, I guessed that you were female.
Wow. Fifty percent chance of getting it right and you screwed the pooch.
Pagans are generally more open-minded, yes ... but the same rules of communication and trust apply no matter what sort of relationship you're in.
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Especially because in the USofA, there is no right to privacy. We have that expectation, but there is no constitutional right to it.
Actually, that falls under Amendment 9. The government doesn't explicitly get to regulate it, therefore it belongs to the people.
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ACtually you shouldn't have signed the Ketubah (Score:2)
Now, Ashkenazi communities have used the same standard Aramaic Ketubah for centuries, but among some Sepha
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Try reading TFA. He not only covers this attack - he discusses it's drawbacks.
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If you're worried that your partner is cheating on you, and you don't know their date of birth, I'd also be questioning your commitment to the relationship.
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Saying that one can discover that someone's email address is registered at Match.com would be like saying one should be able to discover that someone's street address is on the ACLU's mailing list. You're confusing the fact that someone can find out simply that an address exists with finding out what other things the address has been linked to or used for.