Stories
Slash Boxes
Comments

News for nerds, stuff that matters

Dutch Academics Declare Research Free-For-All

Posted by samzenpus on Thu May 12, 2005 04:46 AM
from the free-knowledge dept.
houghi writes "The register reports how the Dutch open up their research to the rest of the world. It goes on to tell that commercial scientific publishers such as Elsevier Science are not happy with it. Will other countries and universities follow, or will they stick to the idea that knowledge is a commodity?"
This discussion has been archived. No new comments can be posted.
Display Options Threshold:
The Fine Print: The following comments are owned by whoever posted them. We are not responsible for them in any way.
  • knowledge is power (Score:5, Insightful)

    by UlfGabe (846629) on Thursday May 12 2005, @04:49AM (#12507508)
    (Last Journal: Sunday August 07 2005, @09:28PM)
    like i said, giving up all of these smarts is the best thing for the world. screw those journals.
    • Re:knowledge is power by Anonymous Coward (Score:2) Thursday May 12 2005, @05:13AM
    • Re:knowledge is power (Score:5, Insightful)

      by Anonymous Coward on Thursday May 12 2005, @05:23AM (#12507605)
      Established scientific journals are actually of great value, because what is published in these is supposed to be rigorously reviewed by other experts in the field. The legitimacy this provides is precisely the reason why scientists often pay a journal large amounts to have something published (clearly, scientists recognize their value, even though the Slashdot crowd does not).

      The fact that many journals are struggling economically these days is not a good thing. And the fact that the information is not "free" does not mean that the information is closed off to the public. It just means that you (or your university, company etc.) need to contribute a small amount to part of the scientific process in order to access it.

      Anyone who has ever written a scientific article knows that citing something you've pulled of some internet site does not carry much weigth. I'm not saying this Dutch solution is just "some internet site" (the article does no give much detail); I'm just making a general statement about the important role played by scientific journals.
      [ Parent ]
    • Re:knowledge is power by TedCheshireAcad (Score:2) Thursday May 12 2005, @07:48AM
    • 1 reply beneath your current threshold.
  • Shows what I know... (Score:4, Insightful)

    by Kinky Bass Junk (880011) on Thursday May 12 2005, @04:50AM (#12507510)
    (http://www.freemm.org/)
    ... I always thought that medical and scientific research is free to the world. Perhaps I was thinking of the good ol' days.

    I'm all up for the Dutch research talked of, and I hope that this trend does continue. There is only one thing worse than capitalism - capitalism of knowledge.
    • Re:Shows what I know... by PiMuNu (Score:1) Thursday May 12 2005, @04:56AM
    • Re:Shows what I know... by lazy_arabica (Score:2) Thursday May 12 2005, @05:00AM
    • Re:Shows what I know... by Anonymous Coward (Score:1) Thursday May 12 2005, @05:06AM
      • Re:Shows what I know... by Compgirl (Score:1) Thursday May 12 2005, @05:46AM
      • Re:Shows what I know... (Score:5, Informative)

        by thesp (307649) on Thursday May 12 2005, @06:42AM (#12507818)
        Yes, but with subscription fees for institutions what they are, even here at Oxford University, the Radcliffe Science Library does not carry electronic subscriptions for all specialist journals. To take a couple of examples, the journals "Applied Magnetic Resonance" and "Nanotechnology" are not available here, in paper or in electronic form. Back issues of several APS journals are not available past a certain point in time, due to subscription fees.
        [ Parent ]
      • Library's Freedom severely limited (Score:4, Insightful)

        by Anonymous Coward on Thursday May 12 2005, @08:01AM (#12508216)
        Being a researcher myself I have to point out some serious limitations on Freedom of information granted by libraries:

        1) All periodicals are copyrighted and priced. Libraries pay for a subscription and the right to make the infomation accessible. Right now they (even the best scientific libraries such as the British Library) face soaring subscription costs and fixed budgets. Now imagine the situation for second-tier libraries ...

        The point is that availability and dissemination is much lower than it would have been had all the content been available on the Web, and searcheable through e.g. Google.

        2) In order to protect copyright, most articles are copy-protected. I.E. what you get from a library is either a printed copy or a .pdf file with a scanned image of the article. You may read it, print it, but there it stops. Therefore you cannot (without cracking the copyright protection, which is illegal) do a full-text search on most articles. Some publishers provide a search engine, which works *only* for their own material, and which provides at best a pale shadow of the functionality of e.g. Google.

        This sort of copy protection is perfectly reasonable from a commercial point of view ... and a tragedy from a knowledge-dissemination point of view.

        Having said this ... is commercial publication the best way to ensure availability of scientific information? And is it a reasonable way?

        Personally I do not think so, for the following reasons:
        1) The articles published are by and large generated by publicly funded research institutions and universities.
        2) The articles are all labouriously peer-reviewed, practically at zero cost to the publishers, by researchers working for publicly funded research institutions and universities.
        3) The publisher obtains the copyrights from the author (again at zero cost)
        4) The publisher produces paper prints and electronic copies of the articles
        5) The publisher charges the public, publicly funded research institutions and universities premium prices for their valuable intellectual property ... i.e. the articles

        This would have been reasonable if the publishers provided a large added-value to the articles ... This was probably true before the advent of the Internet (printing and publishing was difficult, costly, labour intensive etc.), but if they add anything of significance *now*, it escapes me.

        So in summary, I believe that:
        - that putting the results of publicly funded research in the public domain is a reasonable thing to do
        - the Dutch initiative is a good way to start
        [ Parent ]
      • Re:Shows what I know... by mwood (Score:2) Thursday May 12 2005, @11:46AM
    • Re:Shows what I know... by Vicsun (Score:2) Thursday May 12 2005, @06:50AM
    • Re:Shows what I know... (Score:5, Insightful)

      by ortholattice (175065) on Thursday May 12 2005, @07:42AM (#12508081)
      I'm an artist and I hate Intellectual Property laws. Visit http://pnk.m-db.info/ [m-db.info] for my art stuff.

      Uh - OK. But your copyright notice reads: "Copyright Notice - The contents of this site are the intellectual property of David McKenzie. Personal use of this property is permitted without restriction. Commercial use is strictly unauthorised without written permission."

      While that's well and good, aren't you depending on what you hate in order to prohibit "commercial use"?

      Interesting you should prohibit free use of your material while expecting researchers open up their's.

      BTW I wouldn't touch your material with a 10-foot pole because of the term "commercial use"; as far as I'm concerned that prohibits any use of it for all practical purposes. Suppose an ISP puts a Google ad on a personal page in exchange for a free web site? Suddenly it becomes "commercial use." Suppose I want to use some of it (with proper acknowledgement, of course) in an open-source GPL'ed project that I've volunteered my time for. Oops, the GPL allows its software to be used by a commercial company, no can do. I might be able to get permission from you, but the hassle usually isn't worth it. So I'll pass on your offer, thanks.

      [ Parent ]
    • Re:Shows what I know... by Mac Degger (Score:2) Thursday May 12 2005, @08:00AM
    • Re:Shows what I know... (Score:5, Insightful)

      by Kenrod (188428) on Thursday May 12 2005, @10:17AM (#12509422)

      There is only one thing worse than capitalism

      That's a very ignorant statement. Hitler, Stalin, Mao - can you name any "worse" capitalist? Can you show me any modern society of people who have shown progress by adhering to non-capitalist ideology?

      You are mistakenly equating greed with capitalism. There will always be greedy people in both capitalist and non-capitalist systems. The greedy will always abuse the system to take advantage of the weak. If you think non-capitalist societies protect the weak, you are sadly mistaken. There isn't a single non-capitalist system that hasn't either resorted to brutal oppression of the people - or to free-market policies to dig themselves out of the poverty ditch.

      The Dutch have a capitalist system, do you think their research would even exist without it?
      [ Parent ]
    • Re:Shows what I know... by Vince Mo'aluka (Score:2) Thursday May 12 2005, @10:37AM
    • 1 reply beneath your current threshold.
  • Make the world a better place (Score:5, Insightful)

    by CVD1979 (718352) <tim.stoop@gmail.com> on Thursday May 12 2005, @04:54AM (#12507519)
    (http://www.cidev.nl/)
    I personally belief that freeing knowledge will be a first step to a much better world. "Beware for he who wishes to keep knowledge from you, because in his heart, he wants to control you." - Brother Lal, Peacekeepers (from the game Alpha Centauri, not the most credible quotes but there you are)

    When knowledge is a commodity, you'll see a vast upsurge in new knowledge. Well, at least when Google starts to index all the available knowledge, of course.
  • by Anonymous Coward on Thursday May 12 2005, @04:54AM (#12507520)
    They have been the first to adopt new and good ideas so many times, it's just amazing.

    Let's just hope that this idea will also find followers in other countries, that normally take longer to adopt new ideas.

    Way to go Netherlands!
  • DAREnet (Score:3, Funny)

    by ZeroExistenZ (721849) on Thursday May 12 2005, @04:54AM (#12507522)
    Seems like they [darenet.nl] should've thought twice taking the dare with /. (already down)
    • Re:DAREnet by Kinky Bass Junk (Score:1) Thursday May 12 2005, @05:21AM
    • Re:DAREnet by Compgirl (Score:1) Thursday May 12 2005, @06:00AM
    • Re:DAREnet by TapeCutter (Score:1) Thursday May 12 2005, @07:21AM
    • 1 reply beneath your current threshold.
  • the new "industrial" revolution... (Score:1, Interesting)

    by teksno (838560) on Thursday May 12 2005, @04:54AM (#12507523)
    just part of the digital revolution that is now happening. paradigms are shifting away from what we have known and "early adopters", like this group of universites, will in the end be our (read: net junkies like me and you...) best friends.... this is a great step....we already have the music thing down....were trying to tackle video, but this here is a great stride for the demand of digital libraries
  • Taxpayers' money (Score:5, Insightful)

    by KiloByte (825081) on Thursday May 12 2005, @04:54AM (#12507524)
    The corporations have no rights to have the sole access to research that was funded by the taxpayers.
    Of course, this raises the question whether anyone from countries other than Netherlands should be able to get it for free (gratis) -- but, the free (as in unhindered) exchange of ideas is pretty much what the ideals of science are about.

    If a corporation wants a monopoly for knowledge, no one forbids it from paying for the research.
    • Re:Taxpayers' money (Score:5, Informative)

      by jurt1235 (834677) on Thursday May 12 2005, @05:32AM (#12507636)
      (http://www.hipersonik.com/)
      The information was already freely available only the print was done by Elsevier ea which charge for the distribution cost (like GPL: Information is free, but someone is allowed to charge you for the distribution cost).
      The real bad part about the magazine prints is that the distribution cost is very high, the selection of articles is done by a editor who has to keep a certain format, resulting in a medium interesting magazine which is mainly sold to companies and schools.
      The real advantage of a system like darenet (at moment when it is not being /.ed) is the ability to find all the articles which did not make it into the magazines, and it is better seachrable. The last point is way interesting for everybody in the scientific world who had to go through magazine indices to find the information relevant to his or her project. It will hopefully prevent more double work and give more scientific progress.
      [ Parent ]
    • Re:Taxpayers' money (Score:4, Insightful)

      by Anonymous Coward on Thursday May 12 2005, @06:21AM (#12507754)
      " The corporations have no rights to have the sole access to research that was funded by the taxpayers."

      You really have no clue who funds research do you? Do you think academics sit around and think Hmmmm...I'll have the gubermunt pay for my research? We do, but it doesn't work that way.

      Here in the states we are all about No Chil' Left Buhind, but when we want to make sure this is happening, we need to go to an outside corporation and beg for money. Why? Because this administration hadn't given us anything to actually pay for it (and the last one wasn't much better).

      That is something that was a direct commandment of the gov't that we make sure this happened (I was on a team that went into rural schools to evaluate how the were faring with this and if any of their programs, such as experimental cross curriculum alignment of education was actually working better than others...its not my area of expertise, but it got me away from the office for 6 weeks to help out). And guess who paid for it...not the tax payers.

      And then for other research projects? Generally you get a grant to do this. The last grant I was on, paid for my position, part of my bosses position, a fraction of his bosses, and a few ancellary positions that had nothing to do with the research other than we needed their ok to go on with it, and my team and fair market rent on my office. Oh yeah, it paid for our day to day activities for about 2 years. You know, the stuff that the gubermunt and da taxpayers 'were paying'.

      All in all, we worked extended hours, got a good name for the department and the school, and didn't waste a single dollar of the tax payers money because we did what we were 'being paid to do' by the state and far more. We brought in 10x what the gov't was paying us, and subsudized the department in doing so -- and since our budget was so top heavy those two years, the state budget controllers decided that my department didn't need any raises (even though even if we bring in outside money, we have to fund our raises though base funds -- I could bring in new people and pay them 2x what I get from the grant, but I had to *BEG* for a 2% raise...to do so from the grant would be a 'conflict of interest'), our standard budget was slashed -- meaning that after our grant was over, we needed to immediately get another grant or our office was sunk and it was a game of politics, gotta get a much smaller grant this time so we can build up our base budget again so that we can use the tax payer money again to do our jobs -- smaller grant means we can ask for a little more next year, they can slash out budget by 70%, but we can only ask for 15% increase. The last 5 years, my budget for what is considered an invaluable department, has been paid for by someone other than the taxpayers...

      Ok, I'm just rambling at this point, but my point is taxpayers RARELY pay for research. Taxpayers rarely pay for research that directly effects them. Taxpayers NEVER pay for research that is outside of the direct tasks infront of them (teaching you and your kids). Research, however, makes it possible for the departments that you cherish in your universities to actually exist and so that top researchers can sit in your classroom for 4 hours a week even though they could be making much more in the private sector and so that you can get real world hands on knowledge of working with technologies that don't formally exist yet and maybe contribute to society that way.

      I think about saying fuck this every day and joining the corporate world. Everytime I work on a grant, I'm offered a job (my grants or others). Generally paying 4x what the university is paying (and thats without negotiation...probably much higher if I just went for it), but some of us feel we are making a difference where we are at where as we wouldn't make any difference elsewhere. I know any research I work on gets 49% of the royalties going back to XYZ University and 51% Big Corp, Inc, so its helping out (and thats another reason we can't j
      [ Parent ]
      • Re:Taxpayers' money by smchris (Score:2) Thursday May 12 2005, @06:28AM
      • Re:Taxpayers' money (Score:5, Insightful)

        by Lonewolf666 (259450) on Thursday May 12 2005, @07:06AM (#12507900)
        Don't know much about the states, but here in Germany the taxpayer funds most research. The wages of the professors are most certainly paid for by the "gubermunt".
        Third parties (read: corporations) fund some projects, but I have never read about a case where a scientific journal funded research. I don't mind if the employers of the researchers get some kind of preferred access to the results. But if they are employed by the taxpayers, the results of their research should be public.
        [ Parent ]
      • Da Pentagon by TapeCutter (Score:2) Thursday May 12 2005, @08:08AM
        • Re:Da Pentagon by TapeCutter (Score:2) Friday May 13 2005, @03:49AM
        • 1 reply beneath your current threshold.
      • Bull by Goldsmith (Score:2) Thursday May 12 2005, @10:17PM
    • Re:Taxpayers' money by OldBaldGuy (Score:1) Thursday May 12 2005, @07:59AM
    • Re:Taxpayers' money by Jeff DeMaagd (Score:2) Thursday May 12 2005, @08:06AM
    • Re:Taxpayers' money by Mac Degger (Score:3) Thursday May 12 2005, @08:07AM
    • 1 reply beneath your current threshold.
  • Wasn't this to be expected? (Score:5, Insightful)

    by Hank the Lion (47086) on Thursday May 12 2005, @04:55AM (#12507528)
    (Last Journal: Sunday April 23 2006, @05:17AM)
    This was bound to happen one day.
    In the 'old days', the only way to spread your work to all your peers was through the estabjournals.
    The publishers of those journals could ask a premium price for this service.
    With the advent of the Internet, this barrier has fallen.
    Publishers should find new ways of keeping their subscribers.
  • Needs peer review (Score:2, Insightful)

    by frankthechicken (607647) on Thursday May 12 2005, @04:56AM (#12507534)
    (Last Journal: Monday August 11 2003, @06:07PM)
    As long as the research released has gone through the same peer review as typical academic papers/journals, I can only see great benefits coming from this.

    If not, and the open source nature of research spreads, it could be that the info can only ever be treated like the current internet's information, and, as such, be treated be extreme caution. With the potential effect of almost diluting the information to be unusable.
  • A commodity? (Score:2)

    by nmoog (701216) on Thursday May 12 2005, @04:57AM (#12507536)
    (http://mrspeaker.webeisteddfod.com/ | Last Journal: Sunday February 06 2005, @10:56PM)
    I thought if something is a commodity then it is widely and easily available to all. Like electricity is a "commodity".
    • 1 reply beneath your current threshold.
  • Salute the Dutch (Score:5, Insightful)

    by tacocat (527354) <tallison1@twmi.r ... minus physicist> on Thursday May 12 2005, @05:00AM (#12507544)

    Enough of the fucking Doctor Evil posts...

    The Dutch should be singled out as a great example of the scientific and engineering devolopment entity that made the Renaissance possible. Without the open participation and sharing of knowledge social and cultural progress would be at a standstill.

    If you don't believe me, think where we would be without the Guttenburg printing press or how much information was flowing on the internet when it first came out and was an open community of academians and researchers.

    When commercial jet airlines first developed, the BOAC had a plane called the Comet. It was the first plane to experience problems with metal fatigue and stress cracks. The industry at that time was very involved in finding solutions to problems and making better planes. As the direct result of this, the companies involved would share any and all information available in terms of problems and solutions in order to develop the entire industry rather than attempt to promote their own agendas.

    This is a significant, albeit old, example of the synergy that can exist when information is shared freely rather than traded as a commodity. Unfortunately US industry, judicial, and legislation seem to have forgotten some of these lessons.

    These Dutch aren't so "Freaky Deaky" but truely a credit and an example. Knowing the US, we'll probably bomb them because of some bullshit Patriot Act IP terrorist clause. The contrast makes me ill.

  • free market at work (Score:5, Interesting)

    by cahiha (873942) on Thursday May 12 2005, @05:01AM (#12507545)
    The currency of science is citations: the more you are cited, the more you are worth. Academics therefore have a natural incentive to have their work be more accessible.

    That is partly balanced by the fact that papers published in well-marketed journals with recognizable brand names will be cited more frequently. But they still have to be well-known, which is why even expensive journals tolerate "illegal" copies of scientific papers (this is similar to software companies tolerating some piracy and low-cost versions in order to keep low-cost competitors from entering the market).

    On balance, I think academic publishers are going to lose this one for the most part. In the end, they don't offer any value, since all the hard work is already volunteer work. All the academic publishers do is marketing, printing, type setting, and mailing to libraries, and none of those are essential for academic journals anymore. Some journals will probably continue to be proprietary and expensive, but most will probably not be.
  • headline incorrect (Score:5, Informative)

    This is not all research papers, but only research papers already available for free to everyone. I quote:
    DAREnet harvests all digital available material from the local repositories, making it searchable. But it limits the harvest to those objects that are full content available to everyone. Tollgated objects (e.g. publications at publishers who only allow access through expensive licenses) can only be found in the local repository.
    Let's not forget that most scientific papers are not available for free.
    • Re:headline incorrect (Score:5, Insightful)

      by Anonymous Coward on Thursday May 12 2005, @05:55AM (#12507696)
      This is not all research papers, but only research papers already available for free to everyone. [..] Let's not forget that most scientific papers are not available for free.

      I am working at one of the involved universities, and since a few years ago we do have an official policy of never signing over any copyrights to publishers in preparation of this move.

      In reality things don't work that way: since the university still judges our productivity by tracking publications, we do sign any form we have to to get our stuff into the important journals. Both the university and the big publishers have been ignoring this inconsistency for some years. As you may have noted, I am posting AC because I am terrified of publisher's copyright lawyers.

      This way of measuring productivity is simply wrong: I never directly use the library anymore. I depend completely on Google Scholar. On my computer Google Scholar includes the university subscriptions to publishers, of course, but publications of the last 5 years are usually also available for free.

      Most of my publications are freely available online, and they are representative of the things I have been doing over the last decade. They are also the things that get referenced most often. One usually writes two or three versions of essentially the same story in a period of 2-4 years, and the best one ends up in an article (and will never be read, and rarely referenced).
      [ Parent ]
    • 2 replies beneath your current threshold.
  • by SilentSage (656382) * on Thursday May 12 2005, @05:02AM (#12507550)
    If 3\4 of the posters had RTFA they would have seen that it is about the cost of PUBLISHING research not disclosing Intellectual Property free of charge. Most Universities around the world and a lot of corporations do this for "free" anyway. The article said nothing about patents or copyright or anything remotely on that topic. This article should be used as an idiot filter for future postings on IP.
  • The Dutch sure are funny (Score:4, Funny)

    by Anonymous Coward on Thursday May 12 2005, @05:19AM (#12507603)
    Research wants to be free, but Mp3 players want to be levied.
    • Re:The Dutch sure are funny (Score:4, Interesting)

      by dajak (662256) on Thursday May 12 2005, @06:12AM (#12507729)
      Research wants to be free, but Mp3 players want to be levied.

      Nothing funny about it. Listening to music is ungood. Reading scientific papers is doubleplusgood. This is the 'knowledge economy' policy our government talks about in action.

      Look at the double digit economic growth rates in China: access to science and information good, access to porn, political rambling, etc ungood. QED
      [ Parent ]
  • by The Jabberwock (882129) on Thursday May 12 2005, @05:28AM (#12507618)
    "The initiative is clearly not welcomed by commercial scientific publishers such as Elsevier Science."

    My personal amazement never diminishes when companies or institutions complain over a competitor offering a good/service at lesser or no cost to the consumer. The price of academic materials climbs higher and higher each year without justification. If finding out that one plus one equals two and that Earth's gravitational field is measured at nine point eight meters per second squared costs X number of dollars this year, there is no reason it should cost X plus Y dollars next year. Sooner or later, you lose your target market -- especially when someone comes along fed up with the situation enough to do something meaningful about it.
  • JIT publishing (Score:2)

    by Dachannien (617929) on Thursday May 12 2005, @05:31AM (#12507630)
    (http://www.unity08.com/)
    The journal publishing companies are quickly reaching obsolescence. Given the state of just-in-time publishing and the Internet, there's really no reason that academic institutions have to continue to be held hostage by the journal publishers anymore. Peer review can be completely separated from the publishing process and be managed by already-respected researchers in each field who volunteer their time to assist with the process, perhaps a month at a time (much like the review process is for many smaller conferences).

    Each research/academic institution would maintain a repository of the papers produced by its researchers. The peer review organizations, after judging a particular paper as being top-rated, would add it to a digest of recent top-rated papers. When somebody decides they want a copy of the digest issue (or just the particular paper of interest), they can refer to the peer review organization to get a link to the paper(s), download them from the authoring institutions, and print them out if needed (such as to put a hardcopy in the library).

    The entire process, from submission to peer review to publishing to distribution is accounted for without the involvement of a publishing company.

  • by Exter-C (310390) on Thursday May 12 2005, @05:48AM (#12507685)
    knowledge is a commodity, However one of the key issues that this raises is that researchers will potentially not have to research the same thing twice as the information may already be available to them through other "reliable" sources. This could potentially open up and increase the speed of research and in turn make discoveries that could potentially be as ground breaking as cures for cancer or something similar.

  • by MarsDude (74832) on Thursday May 12 2005, @05:51AM (#12507692)
    (http://www.marsdude.com/)
    We've got a PM thats basically... eh hilarious.
    The sad thing really is that there were enough people to vote for him and his party.
    The government here tends to swallow everything America does.. BUT

    Every once in a while... I'm proud to be Dutch.

  • by leehwtsohg (618675) on Thursday May 12 2005, @05:59AM (#12507704)
    From now on, all my papers will have a dutch collaborator.
  • by SpaghettiPattern (609814) on Thursday May 12 2005, @06:09AM (#12507726)
    I'm not kidding you with what's to come. Honestly!

    I bet you don't believe me when I tell you that in the Netherlands the TV schedules of public channels may not be published more than a couple of days ahead by bodies other than the broadcasting associations.

    In the Netherlands, public broadcasting associations -representing various groups in society- are allowed to broadcast over the public TV networks. These associations -which are largely payed by tax money- collectively own the rights to the broadcasting schedules. They go to war with anyone trying to publicize these silly schedules. And they win each time.

    On the one side sharing the considerable wealth of scientific research and on the other hand being tightfisted about profanities like TV schedules is what the dutch themselves call a "grocery's mentality."

    I'm not dutch but I know the country pretty well.
  • Tanenbaum too (Score:1)

    by Njovich (553857) on Thursday May 12 2005, @06:12AM (#12507730)
    I checked it out yesterday, and Tanenbaum's work is there too. This is a pretty sweet collection :-). I would give you a link if the site was up.

    Any other IT Gods in there?
  • by whovian (107062) on Thursday May 12 2005, @06:22AM (#12507758)
    houghi writes "The register reports how the Dutch open up their research to the rest of the world. It goes on to tell that commercial scientific publishers such as Elsevier Science are not happy with it. Will other countries and universities follow, or will they stick to the idea that knowledge is a commodity?"

    It's not about limiting knowledge per se. The copyright you sign over to journals has to do with that particular presentation of text (think: plagiarism) or arrangement of data (think: lifting images), not the information contained therein.

    IIRC there is an analogy to music: you can't copyright Mozart's symphonies, but a composer can copyright her particular arrangement of notes.
  • by HuguesT (84078) on Thursday May 12 2005, @06:28AM (#12507776)
    Disclaimer, I'm a researcher.

    In the old days if you wanted to read a particular paper in a journal your library didn't carry you had to contact one of the authors and ask for a reprint of the article, which you would receive by snail-mail a few weeks later.

    Now you just look it up on Google, most of the time it's there, or the author will send you a PDF a few hours later.

    The main contribution of journals to research is no longer diffusion, now people usually don't go to the library to read a journal. They receive a summary of the month's issue by email and then go and consult it online. Clearly this could be replaced by informal web publication just as easily.

    However the editorial board work is still essential. They make sure the peer-review process runs smoothly and that each paper looks nice in the end. This is not so easily replaced, even though the editors do a volunteer job.

    What is definitely not clear is why journal should be allowed to charge scientist huge premiums for the privilege of having those same scientist work for them for free.

    Over the next few years we should see the reactive journal boards realize this, and propose a very cheap online-only service. The IEEE is already thinking about this very hard. When others realize this works fine, the era of expensive printed journal will simply come to an end.

    Next will be the issue of books. Scientists are already realizing that it is now extremely cheap to self-publish. Even a top-quality, 500 pages book costs less than $40 to print in small quantities. Yet publishing houses typically sell them $200 a piece or more. Then they go out of print but since the publisher has the copyright everybody is screwed.

    For conferences, self-publishing is now more cost effective, and authors get to keep their copyright. Soon the era of expensive conference proceedings will also come to an end.

    The last remaining bastion will be reference books or textbooks. These will remain in print for the next few years, because people appreciate having a nice book in hand rather than reading hundreds of pages online, but as the cost, speed and quality of desktop printers improve, we should see a new era of freely available, high-quality online textbooks. There are lots of them online already, ready for printing.

    All of this will be good for science. No one will be able to claim in a paper they didn't know about so and so's work and don't have access to it. It will be increasingly easy to do dilettante science without the backing of a huge academic institution.

    People will be able to follow a field of science extremely easily. Cross-fertilization will become the obvious way to make progress.

    I can't wait, and I want to make that happen.

    • Re:The way to do collaborative research is changin by bani (Score:2) Thursday May 12 2005, @06:55AM
    • by Mac Degger (576336) on Thursday May 12 2005, @08:25AM (#12508380)
      (Last Journal: Wednesday March 05 2003, @05:56PM)
      "However the editorial board work is still essential"

      Yeah, I've been thinking about that. I'd say the solution is to get the universities to do that job, in a kind of peer-2-peer style. Say a researcher at uni UofX creates a paper on say quantum transportation: then just send it round the Internet2 to all the other faculties of quantum transportation around the world and have at least 25% of all those people peer-review it.

      That way, you have instant distribution to all places that need it (maybe force 'em to have a webserver open to the public with all the publications) and peer review by the people who can do it. Hell, you could send the paper to different faculties and get a prof of statistics to have a look at the statistical methods used, and make that kind of cross-peer-review mandatory nfor a stamp of credibility (and make participation in that peer-review process a job requirement for being attached to a university.)
      [ Parent ]
    • Re:The way to do collaborative research is changin by doyen2000 (Score:2) Thursday May 12 2005, @09:50AM
      • by HuguesT (84078) on Thursday May 12 2005, @10:32AM (#12509566)
        The problem with arXiv.org is that the utter crap is right next to the brilliant, and there is far too much of the former. It makes it a complete waste of time to browse the archive. It is only useful as a more permanent repository.

        Top scientists are usually editors of journals or series. They do their bit with regards to the peer review process. Young scientists can do most of the actual peer reviewing, this is not a problem as there are more of them, and it's not clear who is more afraid of novelty, whether it's old or young scientists.

        Since the equilibrium has been disturbed we are in a time of change, and so lots of things are in a state of flux. I think journals will continue, they have the peer-review in place and that is the only thing that distinguishes science from crap. They will just become cheaper and more easily available, not the other way around.
        [ Parent ]
    • The Rating Network by Log from Blammo (Score:1) Thursday May 12 2005, @02:55PM
    • Wiki by Famatra (Score:2) Thursday May 12 2005, @08:54PM
  • journal price resistance (Score:5, Informative)

    by call -151 (230520) on Thursday May 12 2005, @06:34AM (#12507790)
    (http://slashdot.org/~call%20-151)
    Many researchers have complained about the high price of academic research journals and some of us are doing something about it. The fundamental problem is that there are some prestigious, very expensive journals that libraries feel like they must subscribe to and authors feel compelled to submit there because they are prestigious. But things are changing at least in some disciplines. The cost of a journal is not so much for distribution- there are other costs, but those are largely actually borne by universities. A typical life story of a research article:
    1. Brilliant researcher at Oxbridge University (who pays his salary) comes up with great idea, writes it up, submits it electronically by emailing it to an editor at the Snooty Journal,
    2. The editor, a professor at Enormus State University (who pays his salary and has him teach a little less because of his prestigous editorship) thinks of an appropriate anonymous referee and sends off the article to be refereed. Snooty Journal may give ESU some money to cover part of the cost of a secretary, but does not pay his salary.
    3. Professor at IviedHalls University (who pays his salary) receives the article to refereee, reads it, sends it back with comments after letting it molder on his desk/inbox for a bit.
    4. Editor accepts or rejects the paper, possibly asking for modifications based upon the referee's recommendation, possibly some iteration at this step
    5. Original author prepares the article in electronic format using LaTeX with Snooty Journal's style files and uploads it to their web site.
    6. Snooty Journal staff typeset the paper, messing a few things up because they are not experts in the appropriate field, and send the "galley proofs" to the author to review.
    7. Original author points out typos introduced in their typsetting process, sends back corrected galleys.
    8. Snooty Jounal releases the article on their paid-subscription webpage and prints it as a dead-tree volume to send to libraries around the world that can afford it.

      As you can see, the hard part of the labor (writing, reviewing, refereeing) is not done by anyone at the publisher-- various universities pay the salaries of those folks and they pay again for the journal in dead-tree form.


      So you can see that there may be some objection to the arrangement. In the old days, the journal staff actually typset things and dead-trees were the only game in town, but most of the typesetting is done by the author.


      The choice is hard for some people that really need to publish in the expensive journals to get tenure, recognition, grants, etc. But for people who already have tenure, some are resistant to the journal extortion. Some may have a policy like mine- I do not submit to expensive journals or agree to referee for expensive journals, now that I have the advantage of tenure.


      There have been some successes of editorial boards that resigned wholesale, then started a free/inexpensive journal. Hopefully this becomes more common.

    • Re:journal price resistance by Deanasc (Score:2) Thursday May 12 2005, @07:09AM
    • Re:journal price resistance by Jon Peterson (Score:2) Thursday May 12 2005, @07:36AM
      • Re:journal price resistance by UtucXul (Score:1) Thursday May 12 2005, @08:12AM
        • Re:journal price resistance (Score:5, Interesting)

          by hankwang (413283) * on Thursday May 12 2005, @10:37AM (#12509603)
          (http://www.lagom.nl/)
          LaTex has a little learning curve, but if your authors can't figure that out, I'm not sure I would put much faith in what they have to write.

          And I wouldn't have to much faith in someone who can't write LaTeX correctly... ;-) Anyway, LaTeX is highly popular among mathematicians and CS people. In physics is it somewhat popular, mainly among those who have to deal with a lot of math. As you move to fields where the emphasis is more and more on experimental issues rather than calculations, such as chemical physics, physical chemistry, chemistry, microbiology, and so on, people make less and less use of LaTeX. Word rules, unfortunately. Apparently, if you spend your day dealing with practical issues rather than deriving abstract generalized formalisms, it is less appealing to apply abstract generalizations to document preparation.

          [ Parent ]
      • Re:journal price resistance by call -151 (Score:2) Thursday May 12 2005, @08:12AM
    • Re:journal price resistance by kocsonya (Score:1) Thursday May 12 2005, @07:46AM
    • Re:journal price resistance by kikos (Score:1) Thursday May 12 2005, @09:33AM
    • Re:journal price resistance by ediron2 (Score:2) Thursday May 12 2005, @11:16AM
    • 1 reply beneath your current threshold.
  • History will laugh at IP (Score:3, Insightful)

    by Anonymous Coward on Thursday May 12 2005, @06:36AM (#12507795)
    It is a self evident truth that sharing knowledge improves human development. In a few hundred years historians will judge those who once believed in intellectual property as we look upon alchemists and witch burners today. I personally find it hard to believe, at the start of the 21st century, that there are so many foolish people around who still
    accept intellectual property as a concept.
  • google scholar? (Score:3, Informative)

    by krunk4ever (856261) on Thursday May 12 2005, @06:47AM (#12507838)
    (http://www.krunk4ever.com/)
    is this what Google Scholar [google.com] is trying to do?
    What is Google Scholar? Google Scholar enables you to search specifically for scholarly literature, including peer-reviewed papers, theses, books, preprints, abstracts and technical reports from all broad areas of research. Use Google Scholar to find articles from a wide variety of academic publishers, professional societies, preprint repositories and universities, as well as scholarly articles available across the web.
  • Elsivier Bad, Societys Good (Score:4, Interesting)

    by brando_j (721890) on Thursday May 12 2005, @06:59AM (#12507879)

    I'm not so sure about the "informations needs to be free" stuff when it comes to peer reviewed science. Elsevier does run a racket, especially when it comes to the archive articles, if your university library doesn't purchase the extended subscription it can be $30 per article.

    But as a member of the American Physical Society http://www.aps.org/ [aps.org] I have access to pdf's of Einsteins original articles just for the cost of my membership, every article published in the Physical Review series is available.

    APS publishes many phonebooks (about 1/10000000 LOC) worth of articles a month, this has got to be expensive. Furthermore maintaining and adminstering a network of peers to review articles is costly as well. Most of the articles deal with small minutia of physics that maybe dozens of people on earth would completely appreciate.

    I'm also of the opinion that there should be some sort of cost of entry to access the complete tome of science. Something has to set it off from blogs and wikpedia's, furthermore if every crackpot had access to every conversation in physics my inbox would overflow with "Quantum Mechanics is Wrong! Ny New Theory of Nature" trash.

    -- Brandon

  • It's just a question of technology advance. When printing was invented, it lowered the cost of making a book, since it involved less monks (and monasteries).

    Now, myself, for $40 a month, I have my own server at home on which I can publish what I want. It's much cheaper than printing and distributing my own magazine.

    Those guys are just taking advantage of technological advances that enable one to publish without the expense of a printing press and delivery trucks (not to mention sucking-up to newsstands - or distributors).

  • by Bubblehead (35003) on Thursday May 12 2005, @07:23AM (#12507988)
    (http://jastram.de/ | Last Journal: Sunday October 27 2002, @09:30AM)
    A few years ago, MIT decided to make all their teaching materials available to the public to their now famous OpenCourseware Project [mit.edu]. While this is not research, the impact is similar - essentially giving a $40k/year product away for free (well, not quite - but still). Likewise, they got similar comments - good and bad.

    By now, OCW has over 900 MIT classes available, and is an amazing success. I hope that the Dutch will succeed in a similar fashion.

  • M.I.T. - All Courses Free Online (Score:1, Informative)

    by cannuck (859025) on Thursday May 12 2005, @07:24AM (#12508002)
    MIT is offering all of its courses for free online (has been doing so for a yr. or more) - evenutally all 10,000 courses will be online. Included are notes, videos, assignments, projects, projects results, software, books etc. - all free! Most universities guard their stuff - even more so that some corporations - what do those universities have to hide? http://ocw.mit.edu/index.html [mit.edu]
  • Question: (Score:2)

    by Conspiracy_Of_Doves (236787) on Thursday May 12 2005, @07:24AM (#12508003)
    Did the companies like Elsevier actually have an argument, or were they just whining because people are finally getting sick of them?
  • by Edgester (105351) on Thursday May 12 2005, @07:44AM (#12508090)
    (http://rampaginggeek.com/ | Last Journal: Tuesday January 06 2004, @11:41AM)
    This doesn't seem to be a movement to release more or less research. It's just a way to publish research without having to get published in academic journals.

    Journals are very expensive and act as a filter for what is published in them.

    It sounds like they are just cutting out the journals which act as a middleman.
  • by jafiwam (310805) on Thursday May 12 2005, @07:51AM (#12508133)
    (http://slashdot.org/ | Last Journal: Thursday August 12 2004, @10:57AM)
    "There has grown in the minds of certain groups in this country the idea that just because a man or corporation has made a profit out of the public for a number of years, the government and the courts are charged with guaranteeing such a profit in the future, even in the face of changing circumstances and contrary to public interest. This strange doctrine is supported by neither statute or common law. Neither corporations or individuals have the right to come into court and ask that the clock of history be stopped, or turned back." - Robert A. Heinlein, " Life Line "

    [Have nothing to add to this]
  • by Oink (33510) on Thursday May 12 2005, @08:35AM (#12508451)
    xxx.lanl.gov

    (No, it's not pr0n). My colleagues and I glance over the abstracts posted in our field every day. It's a great resource for to know what's going on in your field. We use it primarily as fodder for intellectual discussions, but eh. Check it out.
  • They had to export their dangerous overload of vowels *somehow*. ;)
  • Copyright and educational fair use (Score:2, Interesting)

    by brianf711 (873109) on Thursday May 12 2005, @08:58AM (#12508652)
    IANAL, but what are the exemptions to copyright for educational purposes? If an academic publication is purely for educational purposes, as many of these scientific articles are, can't they be widely redistributed for education? Perhaps, the context is important, but it seems as though it could be suited for free educational redistribution.

    Secondly, what is the need for peer-review only? Why can't papers be published with peer comments like slashdot?
  • by peter303 (12292) on Thursday May 12 2005, @08:58AM (#12508655)
    Peer-review in a "name" journal doesnt guarantee the bad and repetitive stuff doesnt get published, but certainly filters a lot of it. There are just too many secondary journals, conference abstracts, and websites to read more than a fraction of it.
  • Of course people who are going to loose money are going to complain...sounds like Microsoft. However, the world will be better off because of this. It would be amazing if the US, China and Russia would do the same thing. Just think of how many problems could be solved if more agencies did this. Mankind would benefit tremendously.
  • by fitten (521191) on Thursday May 12 2005, @09:15AM (#12508825)
    From http://www.m-w.com/ [m-w.com]

    Main Entry: commodity
    Pronunciation: k&-'mä-d&-tE
    Function: noun
    Inflected Form(s): plural -ties
    Etymology: Middle English commoditee, from Middle French commodité, from Latin commoditat-, commoditas, from commodus
    1 : an economic good: as a : a product of agriculture or mining b : an article of commerce especially when delivered for shipment c : a mass-produced unspecialized product
    2 a : something useful or valued b : CONVENIENCE, ADVANTAGE
    3 obsolete : QUANTITY, LOT
    4 : one that is subject to ready exchange or exploitation within a market


    If you don't have it, you want it. If you need it, you'll go through a lot to get it. It *is* valuable and the people who have it may want to be compensated for their efforts in getting it. That is their right. They have no obligation (but your morals aside) to give out anything that they've discovered except under their own terms. In extreme cases, what you hope is that someone else will develop the same knowledge and be a little more nicer about making it available.

    All this "knowledge wants to be free!" stuff is just emotional, moralistic slants on the holders' own beliefs and what they wish it would be. They want it to be free so they can take advantage of it and use it (for free), that is all.

    If I discover the "Universal Cure for all things that ail Humans, including age", you can bet damn well that I'm going to want to be compensated for it and I'll laugh at anyone who tells me that it "wants to be free!". Live in the real world with me instead of your idealistic, emotionally and morally defined world.
  • Related US news (Score:4, Informative)

    by alansz (142137) on Thursday May 12 2005, @09:21AM (#12508865)
    (http://www.cybermango.org/~alansz)
    In the US, the National Institutes of Health [nih.gov] recently announced [nih.gov] that NIH-funded researchers will now be required to submit final copies of their published manuscripts to PubMed Central [nih.gov] providing free access. For folks in the health sciences, this will have a substantial impact (and journals will adjust their copyright rules to permit it if they want to get submissions from folks successful enough to get NIH funding.)
    • 1 reply beneath your current threshold.
  • Very good news (Score:3, Interesting)

    by rbarreira (836272) on Thursday May 12 2005, @09:25AM (#12508911)
    (http://wod.home.dyndns.org/)
    This is very good news if this pattern catches on... Many times I've wanted to read papers which were referenced on other papers, and I couldn't because they were in paid-subscription sites such as ScienceDirect, IEEE, or ACM...

    I don't want to have to subscribe to that many associations if I just want to read a paper or another ocasionally, science research should be free for all!
  • Lets hope it becomes a trend... (Score:2, Informative)

    by tuxmd (747177) on Thursday May 12 2005, @09:33AM (#12508971)
    Elsevier isn't happy 'cause they've made lotsa money sucking at the academic tit.

    I hope that this will nudge more medical journals in the direction of freely available. The Canadian Medical Association Journal (http://www.cmaj.ca/ [www.cmaj.ca]) is currently the only major open access journal (CMAJ March 1, 2005; 172 (5).) (http://www.cmaj.ca/cgi/content/full/172/5/621 [www.cmaj.ca]). The British Medical Journal experimented with the idea for a while but decided to close up again... perhaps they'll now reconsider.

    If you read the CMAJ article above... you'll know that Nature Publishing Group is okay with authors making the final version of their articles available six months post-publication. Things are moving in the right direction. :)
  • by tfiedler (732589) on Thursday May 12 2005, @09:58AM (#12509232)
    In case none of you are actually involved in science -- and since this "IS" slashdot that odds of that are pretty high (yes that was an insult), here's another open access research publication site.

    http://www.biomedcentral.com/ [biomedcentral.com]

    It's a clearinghouse for peer reviewed science and they have journals covering various topics from reproduction to evolutionary biology to genomics. Plus, you can subscribe to an RSS feed for everything.
  • In other news.... (Score:2)

    by (arg!)Styopa (232550) on Thursday May 12 2005, @10:40AM (#12509641)
    ...Horsewhip and Buggy manufacturers are irate that their purpose for being disappeared. Quick, someone sue to get automobiles banned!
  • It could work if done right (Score:2, Insightful)

    by tknn (675865) on Thursday May 12 2005, @11:20AM (#12510058)
    (http://akatsuki.co.uk/)
    I think research could be done in a collaborative/open-source model of posting articles with commentary following. The hard parts are making sure the posts are real and not made up and ensuring adequate review prior to publication, but the sites could be set up to have wiki's editable by peer review faculty and comments open to the general scientific community.
  • One of the big things in Universities at the moment are Institutional Repositories. Bascially a web accessible database containg records and FULL TEXT of all articles published by academics at the organisation.

    Have a look at a list of a few here [eprints.org] (from the eprints website). Many of them are in there early days, but in a few years will have grown to be quite a collection. The next step will be to cross search them, perhaps using Z39.50.

    There are two software applications to run these sites. eprints [eprints.org] from Southampton University (UK) and dspace [dspace.org] from MIT/HP.

    Some other links can be found here [nostuff.org].

    Chris
    --
  • by SupremeDiety (658660) on Thursday May 12 2005, @04:48PM (#12513900)
    (Last Journal: Saturday September 11 2004, @03:19AM)
    wow, what a beautiful thing. to see that humanity can work together in something as simple as the furthering of knowledge

    as having completed college 45 minutes ago, i can say, with no amount of pride, that research is a bitch when 90% of the sites want me to pay $30 for one stinking article that might not have what i need.

    this is not freedom of information, this is consolidation of our resources into the hands of a few for personal gain.

    that sucks!!!

    why am i reminded of the whole american ideology with this?

  • Utopia (Score:2)

    by POds (241854) on Thursday May 12 2005, @09:48PM (#12515915)
    (http://pods.-is-a-geek.net/ | Last Journal: Thursday January 08 2004, @11:59PM)
    I believe your right. The internet is bringing people together for the common good. In this instance, to provide the world with a wealth of information.

    Who knows, maybe future global projects on space travel will be based upon "Open Source Research"?

    What i've been thinking of recently is a forum, much like slashdot where people can talk present research and even colaborate together on some of the toughest problems known to human kinda. The hope is that this information will be freely available so that government or commercial organisation can pick up the research and further it or provide applications that make use of the research. Possibly even contributing back to the community.

    Know we get into the argument of MIT/BSD vs GPL. So i wont go there. But this is absolutly wonderful news. Bring on utopia!
  • No, it isn't (Score:1, Insightful)

    by Anonymous Coward on Thursday May 12 2005, @05:07AM (#12507565)
    At least not in the sense that bread and bricks are.

    Knowledge is a public good. If I consume (that is aquire) knowledge, I don't take anything away from anyone else wanting to use the same knowledge. Now try that with bread. :-D

    Also, especially know in the digital age, spreading knowledge and therefor acquireing knowledge has zero or near zero marginal costs. If knowledge is out in the open it is free to be consumed by anyone without any additional costs.
    Again, try that with bread.

    So knowledge is not something that is comparable to other products like bread or bricks, it's fundamentaly different. Now what follows off that difference is of course up for debate, but at least try to understand the issue at hand.
    [ Parent ]
  • Re:It IS a commodity (Score:3, Insightful)

    by Maljin Jolt (746064) on Thursday May 12 2005, @06:33AM (#12507788)
    (Last Journal: Thursday December 14 2006, @05:43PM)
    You are mumbling nonsenses. One cannot stockpile knowledge. By sharing knowledge, you do not loose it. You cannot look at particular knowledge you are interested in on the knowledge market, excercise it completely and reject to buy for the reason of poor quality as with commodity goods.

    Only peer review can assure quality of some specific knowledge, that's the academic principle for longer more than two millenia. With knowledge, sharing with others is a fundamental condition for top quality.
    [ Parent ]
  • by BinLadenMyHero (688544) <binladen@9hell s . org> on Thursday May 12 2005, @06:47AM (#12507836)
    (Last Journal: Thursday April 06 2006, @11:19AM)
    His user page (click on his name on the header of his post) shows his comments. They're not numbered there, but it shows the total post count, so when he saw it had 665 post, he knew the next post would be his' 666th.

    But he has 668 posts now, and the last post is the one that claims to be the 666th! A pity..
    [ Parent ]
  • by kaiidth (104315) on Thursday May 12 2005, @06:50AM (#12507849)
    It's already happening; thus all the eprints [eprints.org] installations, the RDN [rdn.ac.uk] and so on. There's a lot of this stuff going on throughout Europe. No scientist particularly enjoys being behind a subscription-only system, so it generally catches on to some extent.

    The major problem is a) that it's often hard to find somebody willing to put in the time to populate archives like these, and b) several of the arsier publishers won't agree with the online distribution of preprint papers.

    I think the question to ask is not so much how long it will take before the rest of the EU follows suit, since there are parallel efforts going on all over the place, most of which use the same basic technology set (OAI - open archives initiative). There's a paper about DAREnet that remains unslashdotted, here [ariadne.ac.uk]. If anything, the question is "How long will it take each group to get a move on and implement something?" and the answer to that is something between "how long is a piece of string?" and "How much does the group in question enjoy politics?"
    [ Parent ]
  • 17 replies beneath your current threshold.