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Censorship Your Rights Online

How Italian Police Shut Down U.S. Web Servers 573

gessel writes: "CNN has an article describing Italian police shutting down a U.S. hosted website deemed in Italy to be illegally blasphemous. The article goes on to describe the ramifications and U.S. efforts along the same lines."
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How Italian Police Shut Down U.S. Web Servers

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  • by captain_craptacular ( 580116 ) on Monday July 22, 2002 @03:40PM (#3932451)
    Looks like some Italian cops found someones password and shut things down. It's not like they forced the U.S. based ISP's to pull the content.

    Looks like a non-story to me.
    • I agree. It's also important to note that the webmaster was italian, not a US citizen. The Italian Special Police replaced images on a site run by an Italian citizen. The bits just happend to be sitting on US soil. At the worst, the US-based hosting provider could investigate the stealing of the password used to change the content just as they would any common defacer. Even that is a far stretch though.
    • by bwt ( 68845 ) on Monday July 22, 2002 @03:49PM (#3932530)
      Looks like some Italian cops found someones password and shut things down. It's not like they forced the U.S. based ISP's to pull the content.

      Is this not a crime under US law? After all, unauthorized access was used to alter the site's contents.
      • by Anonymous Coward
        > Is this not a crime under US law? After all, unauthorized access was used to alter the site's contents.

        The article didn't say this, it said the cops used the suspect's computer and password. *If* the suspect gave up the password, it's not an unauthorized access.

        There may have been a tradeoff - password for reduced sentencing or some such. But you can't assume it was unauthorized just because the article didn't say it *was* authorized.

        (Yes, it would have been better had the story had that particular detail.)
      • by captain_craptacular ( 580116 ) on Monday July 22, 2002 @03:57PM (#3932606)
        It's only a crime if they were unauthorized. My guess is he gave up the password in an attempt to cooperate with the authorities in exchange for "a kind word at sentencing"...

        Even if the access was unathorized it seems to me that the original post made it sound like the Italians somehow forced the ISP to pull protected speech off the net, which didn't happen at all. Whether some affected U.S. citizen has a case against the Italians is another matter.
      • If the person is in prison, it is not a crime to limit their speach. It is done regularly. So it is still a non-issue. The person convicted of the crime might have been required to give up the ID and password for the site as part of the verdict. That would make it legally authorized access.
        • Just because someone has your ID and password doesn't make it legally authorized access. Many ISPs say that the only person authorized to use an account is the person paying the bill. The ISP is the party that gets to choose who is authorized on their system, not the end user. The Blue Mountain guy quoted in the article should put his money where his mouth is and go after the Italian cops under international anti-terrorism/hacking laws. That'd be a blast.
  • ... and? (Score:3, Interesting)

    by juuri ( 7678 ) on Monday July 22, 2002 @03:41PM (#3932459) Homepage
    If the content was created in one country and hosted in another country which laws should apply?

    I bet if you were to ask an American they would say their laws should apply no matter where the content is housed as long as they created it. So what is so different about the Italian authorities believing the same? Just because you can do things outside of the normal laws of your respective homeland doesn't suddenly give you freedom from prosecution for breaking them.

    I don't agree with the laws in question here but that isn't for me to decide, it is for the local people, in this case the Italians to decide to change the laws or allow them to stay as they currently are.
    • Re:... and? (Score:5, Insightful)

      by inkswamp ( 233692 ) on Monday July 22, 2002 @03:57PM (#3932603)
      I bet if you were to ask an American they would say

      [...blah blah...]

      I love how non-Americans can get away with starting sentences like this about Americans and effectively generalize about 250+ million people, and yet if an American says something like that about Europeans or any other group we're accused of being ill-informed Ameri-centric assholes.

      Curious and annoying double-standard.

      • You know what? (Score:4, Insightful)

        by mindstrm ( 20013 ) on Monday July 22, 2002 @04:08PM (#3932703)
        The reason people say this a lot is because, of all the nationalities in the world, it's the Americans who tend to think that the world should be doing things their way, and that everyone else is just backwards.

        Yes, it's stereotyping, yes, it's wrong.
        But there IS a reason you see it so often... and that's because many, many americans DO reflect this attitude.

        • The reason people say this a lot is because, of all the nationalities in the world, it's the Americans who tend to think that the world should be doing things their way, and that everyone else is just backwards.

          This is crap. People EVERYWHERE think their way is the best way, ESPECIALLY Europeans! At least America tends to save it's sharpest condemnations for the most outrageous offenders--China, North Korea, Iraq--while accepting that Europe is for the most part a decent place, human rights wise. Sure, we'd like to see more free speech, but we don't make anywhere near as much noise as Europeans do over, say, American capital punishment.

          It's also worth mentioning that the countries we scream loudest at tend to be non-democratic --therefore they cannot claim it is the will of the people they rule that human rights violations continue.

        • Re: (Score:3, Insightful)

          Comment removed based on user account deletion
      • Re:... and? (Score:5, Insightful)

        by jtdubs ( 61885 ) on Monday July 22, 2002 @04:10PM (#3932720)
        But true in a lot of cases.

        American's are, in general, Ameri-centric assholes.

        I should know. I live here. I have since birth.

        We believe atleast as strongly, if not more strongly than most nations, that our ways are the correct ones and we have the right to make others live by those same beliefs. Whatever we want is good. Whatever opposes us is bad.

        Unfortunately, we also have the muscle to back up these stupid claims.

        Justin Dubs
        • I think the most accurate line I've heard concerning our status is a world power is "America may not be perfect, but it's better than any other country is existence."

          I love guys like you. Completely removed from the world and bitching about the evil ways of your country. I would love for you to see how some people live and them come back and we'll see if you still have problems with the way we run things.

          Before you decide to save the earth from your country, try cleaning out the half-truths and misconceptions that swim around wildly in your head.
      • I love how non-Americans

        Guess what? I am an American.
      • You missed the point. The question was about foreign jurisdiction was between American and Italian law. The question posed was role-reversal, Americans circumventing Italian law. Your point would be more valid if this was a France - Canada argument and someone jumped in with an opinion of Americans.
    • Re:... and? (Score:2, Insightful)

      by grylnsmn ( 460178 )
      If the content was created in one country and hosted in another country which laws should apply?

      If you make the decision to host your content in another country, then you should abide by the laws of that country. If I decided to write a parody and host it in North Korea (where it is illegal) I should be prepared to face the consequences.

      Let me provide a counter example: Should China ba allowed to shut down a site in the U.S. because it was written by a Chinese political dissident? No. They can prosecute those who read the material within their jurisdiction, but they should have no authority over content in other countries.
      • Amnesty (Score:5, Interesting)

        by PatientZero ( 25929 ) on Monday July 22, 2002 @05:08PM (#3933136)
        It's like claiming amnesty for your ideas rather than your person. You know your ideas will be censored in China, so you host them in a country with laws permitting such ideas.

        In the case of amnesty, you need to be accepted by the country from whom you seek help. Should it work the same for ideas? If you are afraid your ideas will be censored by your home country, get someone in the hosting country to help you by maintaining your site. This way the police would have to act in the hosting company to censor the content.

        So in this case, the Italian citizen should have contacted a U.S. citizen before being caught. The U.S. citizen could then maintain the site, and when the Italian police struck, would have simply fixed the site and changed the password. Then the Italians would have had to fight the case here in the U.S. where our laws would likely protect the content.

        As I understand it, this is exactly what FreeNet is supposed to do without having to formalize a relationship with others to host your content. They host it merely by viewing it a few times without having to stick their own necks out.

    • The individual who created the site could be procecuted, but the italian police have no right to change the site. This is my opinion.
      • I'd love to see what would happen if an American friend of this guy logged in and fixed his site, and then changed the password to something none of them know.

        Thereby negating any possible gains the Italian police achieved.
  • How they did it (Score:4, Insightful)

    by Kallahar ( 227430 ) <kallahar@quickwired.com> on Monday July 22, 2002 @03:43PM (#3932471) Homepage
    "Authorities in Italy used a suspect's computer and password to reach across the ocean and replace the offending images with the insignia of the special police unit that tracked him down."

    I don't see how this violates any US laws. Even though the server may have been in the US, the owner / responsible party of the site was in Italy and subject to Italy's laws. The Italian government has no right to FORCE any US company to do anything, but they didn't do that.

    Travis
    • .... they hacked into the guy's site and defaced it?

      I mean, unless they got his expressed permission to access his site using his password, hacking is hacking.
    • "Authorities in Italy used a suspect's computer and password to reach across the ocean and replace the offending images with the insignia of the special police unit that tracked him down."

      So the web site now says "HACKED BY ITALIAN POLICE!"
  • Law of the Web (Score:5, Interesting)

    by medcalf ( 68293 ) on Monday July 22, 2002 @03:43PM (#3932475) Homepage
    The speculated-about "Law of the Web" probably won't be analogous to the "Law of the Sea". Maritime Law is what it is primarily because the British - the most interested maritime power at the time - basically dictated it, with some modifications from other maritime nations. The only nation in a power to do this with the Internet today is the US, and it is fair to say that other nations (both dictatorial nations in Asia and Africa and, for different reasons, European democracies) will fight tooth and nail to not let such a common law develop. It is not in the interests of the world's other nations to apply US Internet law globally, yet this is likely all that the US would accept. As a result, it is unlikely that any common legal framework, outside of a few basic principles like jurisdiction and data transport filtering rules, will develop in the near term (say, the next 20 years).
  • Bad writeup... (Score:3, Informative)

    by Dark Nexus ( 172808 ) on Monday July 22, 2002 @03:44PM (#3932487)
    The story goes into much more depth than that.

    It also talks about other situations of goverments trying to over-reach their bounds to prosecute (or sue) people in other countries who've put up content in their own country, where it's legal there.

    Also goes into the potential effects of this on places such as mailing lists and newsgroups.

    All round interesting read, showing that a number of governments are trying to put an end to the "safe harbour" webservers.
  • by ghotiboy ( 7771 ) on Monday July 22, 2002 @03:47PM (#3932513) Homepage Journal
    Let's all celebrate about this quote.

    Jim Conway of the New York-based Direct Marketing Association worries that U.S. companies may have to scale back U.S. campaigns if they cannot assure that their mailing lists contain no European addresses.
  • by Ryu2 ( 89645 ) on Monday July 22, 2002 @03:48PM (#3932528) Homepage Journal
    The article says they just logged in with the user's name and password... did they obtain it volutarily, or involuntarily (network sniffer, etc...)?

    Anyone know? It doesn't seem that US authorities are involved in this whatsoever, though.
  • by Skyshadow ( 508 ) on Monday July 22, 2002 @03:49PM (#3932534) Homepage
    Unless I'm not understanding the article, an Italian citizen living in Italy was forced by Italian police to shut down his web site, which happened to be hosted in the United States.

    So... What's the big deal again?

    Sure, it offends me that the Italian government discourages free discourse, but that's a matter for the government and the citizens of Italy to work out. Just because the site was hosted in the US does not extend legal protection to the person running the site. This would be as if I, say, obtained a copy of the Solaris source and kept it on a server in Iran, and the US forced me to delete it in order to avoid jail time. Regardless of if you think the laws involved are intelligent, I am still subject to the laws of my country.

    If the Italian government had somehow forced the US hosting company to remove the speech in question, then we'd have a serious problem to discuss here. However, that now being the case, I don't see what the issue is.

    Want something real to worry about? Try this: an American U student is charged with theft for taping a speech by Tipper Gore [washingtonpost.com]. They say he "stole" her intellectual property. I suppose from now on we'll need expressed written permission from Major League Baseball to describe what our political leaders are saying...

  • To me the best way to respond to this kind of bullshit is to mirror the content as far and wide as possible, and advertise the existance of the mirrors. Let the pope put that in his corn cob pipe and smoke it!

    Lee
  • Interesting twist.. (Score:5, Interesting)

    by lionchild ( 581331 ) on Monday July 22, 2002 @03:52PM (#3932555) Journal
    It seems to me, that the twist here is that, for the US-based ISP, it seems that the users account has been effectively hacked. An unauthorized user (the Italian Police) have acquired the password and defaced the pages being hosted by the user. Simply because they did it from the proper uses own PC, doesn't mean it's not a hack, nonetheless, does it?

    Does that mean that the US-based ISP can fire charges against, and request extradition of, the offending hacker from Italy?
    • "An unauthorized user (the Italian Police)"

      I think this is the key point. Can Italian law authorize the Italian Police to access a resource owned by a person in Italy (who is probably a citzen), when that resource is located outside the country? It's my contention that the answer would be yes, simply because the intangible concept of owning the site resides within the owner himself, which would allow for jurisdiction.

      • by lionchild ( 581331 ) on Monday July 22, 2002 @04:35PM (#3932887) Journal
        Can Italian law authorize the Italian Police to access a resource owned by a person in Italy (who is probably a citzen), when that resource is located outside the country?

        Let's change the data in the scenerio. Let's say that the files in question belonged to a company, or even a political group. Would it be legal for the Italian Police to change/move/delete files from another organization, because they consider it a violation of their laws?

        • by FreeUser ( 11483 ) on Monday July 22, 2002 @07:09PM (#3933772)
          Let's change the data in the scenerio. Let's say that the files in question belonged to a company, or even a political group. Would it be legal for the Italian Police to change/move/delete files from another organization, because they consider it a violation of their laws?

          Let's make it even more interesting.

          The Vatican is recognized by the UN as its own country, has its own police force, etc.

          If I put up a site detailing the sex crimes of Catholic priests, along with pictures, name, and addresses of the perpetrators (and their governing Bishops who are covering up these crimes), and the Vatican decides doing such is against their law, can they break into my machine (hosted in the United States) and vandalize my content?

          How about if, instead of an American citizen, I'm a catholic priest with Vatican 'citizenship', with the content hosted on the exact same machine (in America). Does an illegal break-in become legal simply because the citizenship of the data's owner happens to be non-American. Somehow, I think not.

          I suspect the decision not to extradite the Italian police officer in question will have for more to do with politics (and favor-trading in this 'war against terror' hysteria we're in) than it will any points of law, fine or otherwise.
    • by kiwimate ( 458274 ) on Monday July 22, 2002 @04:41PM (#3932927) Journal
      The problem is that the article doesn't specify if it was with the user's consent or not. And, if it was (for example, if consent was obtained through plea-bargaining), then it can't be considered a hack.

      The article brings up several more interesting points, referring to a /. beloved case, for example.

      The United States, too, is guilty of trying to extend its reach.

      A U.S. copyright law was used to jail a Russian programmer in California for writing software that was legal in his country. He was later freed, but charges remain against his Russian employer.


      They also talk about how they had to wait for him to attend a conference in Las Vegas before they could do anything. It seems like the laws of jurisdiction are beginning to show holes of inadequacy: just how do you deal with the global village?

      But guess what -- there's even more. I double-checked this next bit when I first read it, just to make sure.

      And because a large part of Internet traffic goes through the United States -- even if both sender and recipient live elsewhere -- last fall's anti-terrorism bill lets the Justice Department prosecute foreign hackers when they attack computers anywhere in the world.

      Leaving aside cracks about UUNET for the moment, can you imagine the complexities of trying to enforce something like this if you are dealing with an unfriendly country that doesn't like to extradite to the U.S.? And while other countries may not be in quite the same boat as the U.S. with regards to Internet traffic hosting, let's not forget it's all going somewhere -- depending on where you're sending your traffic, it can go through several different countries before reaching its final destination. And each of those countries has its own complex legal system.

      This is already a big problem (several other points mentioned in the article indicate this: e.g. the Yahoo Auctions/Nazi memoribilia difficulty), and will only get worse. Wait for the big ruckus to ensue when it's decided a world court is needed to supervise these issues and the U.S. is only one amongst many countries that refuse to accept any exterior jurisdiction (a la the World Crimes Court). The thing is that most of the world can actually agree on what constitutes a war crime against humanity -- but how do you cope with deciding if a page in cyberspace constitutes a crime when you've got as many options on what's legal and illegal as you do countries in the world?
    • If the US-based ISP determines that the Italian policemen have hacked into the web account (and they've already admitted it), will they be restoring the web pages from backup tape then ;-)

  • As I understand the US sales tax rules, if a customer in New Jersey buys my product, I must charge him NJ sales tax but I must charge the Californian customer California sales tax. In fact, I believe, I have to be even more local than that and work out the correct rate applicable to my customer's zip code.

    In the UK, we have something similar with VAT which is charged at different rates (or not at all) depending on which country I'm selling to.

    Why should the logic be any different when we're working out whose laws apply?

    The physical location of internet servers is largely academic nowadays, I have no idea where google is physically located, I just know that it's the best search engine on the net so I use it.
    • Not as such (yet). If the two parties are in different states, no sales tax applies. If you're in different counties in the same state, only the common state tax applies. The state taxes applies as long as the company maintains a presence in your state. So a company may have stores in several states and charge the appropriate tax for customers in those states.

      The states are in quite an uproar about this, as it's quite common for people to buy stuff from out of state for the specific purpose of avoiding sales tax. I do it all the time when it comes to buying expensive computer parts where the tax would be more than the extra shipping.
      • Thanks for the clarification. I thought that my [wrong] understanding was difficult enough but your version sounds even more onerous - how do you cope?
      • If the two parties are in different states, no sales tax applies.

        That is incorrect in most, if not all, states. You are still obligated to pay the sales tax, but you must declare it yourself and send it in to your state taxing entity yourself.

        Currently, an online business does not have to collect a sales tax from you in an online transaction, unless they have a physical presence in your state. Just because they are not collecting the tax for you does not remove your obligation to pay it - you can, in fact, face penalties for not sending the taxes in yourself, but so far those penalties have only been applied to purchases with large dollar amounts often involving jewelry or high-dollar art.

        It is a common misconception.

        (however, the Streamlined Sales Tax may soon bring many states into a single sales tax structure for online purchases, at which point the online merchant will collect the taxes even if they do not have a physical presence in a participating SST state, and that will remove your obligation to send the taxes in yourself since you will have paid them at the point of purchase)
    • As I understand the US sales tax rules, if a customer in New Jersey buys my product, I must charge him NJ sales tax but I must charge the Californian customer California sales tax. In fact, I believe, I have to be even more local than that and work out the correct rate applicable to my customer's zip code.

      Well, sort of... There is no US sales tax. The states each have their own taxes and rules. In Texas (where I live) you have to collect sales taxes if you sell to someone in Texas but not to someone outside the state. If I buy something from outside Texas I have to fill out a little form and pay a "use" tax instead of "sales" tax. I haven't ever heard of someone accually paying a "use" tax. If I buy something from a company in another state that is doing Business in Texas, they have to charge me sales tax based on their location in Texas (I think). Also most cities have their own sales tax so it can get more complicated.

      In the UK, we have something similar with VAT which is charged at different rates (or not at all) depending on which country I'm selling to.

      I think that is the EU's way of collecting a "sales" like tax so people won't cheat and buy something from Germany instead of the UK or other places to avoid the local taxes.

      Why should the logic be any different when we're working out whose laws apply?

      Mostly I don't want the UK goverment or any goverment outside the US tell me that I can't host something they don't like on the 'net. If it's hosted in the UK then fine, but if it's hosted in the US their laws just don't apply. The same goes for the US (MPAA/RIAA) shutting down sites on NON-US hosts. If it's not against the law in the UK and is against the law in the US tough shit. The US shouldn't have any recourse outside of asking politely. The same goes for everyone else.

  • ...the illegal actions were committed in Italy, the police agents went after the person who committed them and imposed him to correct those actions (or corrected them themselves).

    Nobody prevents somebody in the US to restore that site.

    The irony is... the blasphemous words contained in the site are part of the url [porcamadonna.com] and are present in the page the police put up. I guess somebody in Italy should sue the police.
  • They brute forced his password (possibly physically from him) and without the permission of the US hosting site, gained unauthorized access pretending to be someone else.

    When will the US courts have the balls to press hacking, theft of identity, and computer fraud charges against the Italian government?

    I don't know if I'm joking or not.
    • I think I saw a tape which clearly shows they smashed the hackers' head on the car hood, then punched him in the face until he gave them the password.
  • Yea, so the stupid guy left his password sitting around or something. That's his fault. I was thinking that the Italians did some legal or political manuvering here to shut down the site, which would be alarming. But it's simple a case of stupidity instead.

    The ISP should restore from backup and tell the idiot to keep his password secret.
  • A little aside:

    David Farber, the moderator of a popular online mailing list on technology with recipients all over the globe, envisions a time when he'll have to cut back on his postings for fear of lawsuits elsewhere.

    Many countries do not value free speech the way the United States does, nor do they give speakers as much leeway in defending libel lawsuits. So mailing list mavens like Farber need to be concerned about whether items they post might violate a law somewhere.

    "We live in a world where we communicate worldwide and we travel worldwide," Farber said. "If I violate some Australian law and then land in Sydney, do they throw me in jail?"


    While the article makes no mention of it, David Farber is no mere ordinary citizen, he's the Chief Technologist of the FCC [fcc.gov] (yes, this is the same David Farber -- the photo in the CNN article is him)

    Yes, the FCC does not regulate the Internet itself. Yet, if anyone is in a position to do something about such questionable tactics on a government policy level, it's Mr. Farber...
    • "David Farber is no mere ordinary citizen, he's the Chief Technologist of the FCC"

      Was, for a year. He stepped down in, IIRC, January 2001.

    • Re:David Farber (Score:4, Insightful)

      by Skyshadow ( 508 ) on Monday July 22, 2002 @04:03PM (#3932663) Homepage
      "We live in a world where we communicate worldwide and we travel worldwide," Farber said. "If I violate some Australian law and then land in Sydney, do they throw me in jail?"

      It's worth repeating that the originator of this technique was the United States with the Skarlov(sp?) case. The US, in effect, used legal pretense to abduct a visiting foreign national for breaking our laws while living and and a citizen of another country.

      If another country, say Iran, had imprisoned a US citizen for speaking his mind while living in the US, the Marine Corps battle flag would be flying over the rubble of Teheran by now. But, of course, might makes right, so that will just have to remain one of life's little injustices.

      As, then, will this concept of having your travel restricted by exercising your (US) rights.

  • by Mr. Mai ( 587155 ) on Monday July 22, 2002 @03:58PM (#3932617)
    It sound like a virtual version of the Inquisition to me. The next step is developing a way to torture the servers and make them change their contents =)
  • by t0qer ( 230538 ) on Monday July 22, 2002 @03:59PM (#3932628) Homepage Journal
    Blue Gravity's chief executive, Tom Krwawecz, said the company was never informed. And he believes U.S. laws -- not Italy's -- ought to apply.

    I don't think so...

    We do not have the right to interfere with the laws of other countries (unless it is flat out human rights violatations and the enslaved are being used to build a war machine against us) Being that the USA is a melting pot, we have been taught to respect the belief's and values of other cultures.

    The content was created in italy, by an italian. Being Italian myself, the story sort of took a special note with me.

    Let's say someone in the US was creating kiddie porn sites and hosting them offshore. Most states in the US make it illeagle to have nudes of anyone under 18. The laws in other countries differ, you can marry as young as 14 and still be legal. Should we exempt someone dealing in kiddie porn just because their site is offshore? No! Of course not.

    So if that is the logic applied here, then why in gods name would we want to impose a double standard to our allied nations laws? It doesn't bode well with "keeping the peace"

    my .02 cents anyways.
    • by SimplyCosmic ( 15296 ) on Monday July 22, 2002 @04:14PM (#3932750) Homepage
      Well, the way I would see it is that in your example, the person creating the content could be tried under the laws of his country of residence for creating the content, but the server itself and content on such could only be touched by the laws of the country in which it is being hosted.

    • Infringing on the freedom of speach is a human rights violation.
    • Being that the USA is a melting pot, we have been taught to respect the belief's and values of other cultures.
      You are kidding, right? The USA has only respect for its own culture (if one can call it that). Britain, France and most other European countries prohibited slavery, racism et al. at least 150 years ago. The USA was still in a state of racial segregation in the fifties!
  • Legal authority? (Score:2, Interesting)

    by enigma971 ( 593043 )
    I'm kind of curious what would happen if the web site's host just put the content back up again, and removed that user name and password. Does the Italian government have any recourse? If some foreign country tried to prosecute me for breaking their laws, I'd tell them to screw themselves. Since I'm not an Italian citizen, is there any reason I should have to obey their laws in the United States? Would the U.S. government let the Italians prosecute me? I would certainly hope not.
  • Just human nature. (Score:2, Interesting)

    by Eric Damron ( 553630 )
    It's human nature to want control. This becomes real dicey in a global community and the US isn't innocent of applying its laws to non-citizens. Look at what the US did to poor Dmitry Sklyarov. That was totally outrageous!

    Let's face it. When people get involved things get screwed up.
  • Residence (Score:3, Interesting)

    by eander315 ( 448340 ) on Monday July 22, 2002 @04:05PM (#3932677)
    Why shouldn't the law be based on your country of residence? The man in question created the site in Italy, in violation of Italian laws, then uploaded it to a server in the US. Why should it matter where it's hosted? He's an Italian, and he has to follow their laws, not whichever country he chooses.

    On the other hand, the police seemed to act more like 15-year-old hackers than police. They "...used a suspect's computer and password to reach across the ocean and replace the offending images with the insignia of the special police unit that tracked him down." That really doesn't seem very professional to me.

  • People are stupid. Seriously, this really ticks me off, who ever said "I may not agree with what you say, but I will fight to the death for your right to say it." was right on, and he's probably rolling over in his grave now. Dear world, GROW UP! People should be allowed to say whatever they want about you, your religion, your race, your gender, everything and you should have 0 rights to silence them.
    • This is stupid. People should not have the right to say anything they want about anyone. I have a private life and I want it to stay this way. If tomorrow I see pictures of me, the status of my bank account or whatever about me published without my authorisation, Il sue the Hell out of the person who did it. Freedom is for everyone not just those with a big mouth!
  • While this is certainly not something I would advocate, will these actions start causing ISPs and content providers to start blocking particular countries from accessing their webservers?

    For example, Yahoo could have chosen to block all traffic from French based ISPs and net ranges to their Auction site in response to the French courts. While we, as technical people, know this would not necessarily block French citizens from viewing the content, as has been proven by Napster, courts do have different interpretations of what works and what doesn't.

    Some ISPs have already advocated this for blocking spam -- China is the first to get listed when people talk about who to block to protect mail servers against spam, and thus whole blocks of Chinese IP addresses get blocked from mail servers.

    Will this start to happen to other services as well, simply to minimize risk due to laws in other countries.

    I know I'd rather block IPs from other countries than risk being taken to court .

    Dave
  • From the article (Score:3, Insightful)

    by acceleriter ( 231439 ) on Monday July 22, 2002 @04:20PM (#3932784)
    it appears that the Italian police used the user's authentication credentials to alter the site. That's a computer crime, and the Italian police involved in the action should be immediately arrested if they set foot on U.S. soil. If it's good enough for Dmitri Sklyarov, it should be good enough for foreign law enforcement officials that steal computer access.
  • by Edmund Blackadder ( 559735 ) on Monday July 22, 2002 @04:23PM (#3932810)
    Fortunately history has shown that italians make really half assed fascists.
  • by dh003i ( 203189 ) <dh003i@gmail. c o m> on Monday July 22, 2002 @04:26PM (#3932833) Homepage Journal
    This is, obviously, a jurisdictional question.

    There are three factors at work here:

    1. The country in which the material was physically produced. Itally.

    2. The country in which the author resides. Itally.

    3. The country in which the material was published. United States.

    Note that 1 and 2 do not necessarily have to be the same, and may be complicated.

    In order for a country to have complete jurisdiction, al three categories should take place within that country: the author should be there, it should be produced there, and it should be published there.

    In cases where the material is produced in one country and published in another, the country where the material was published should have jurisdiction to regulate or not regulate that material: in the case of a web-site, to take it down or not, or to censor it or not. No other country than that of publication should have this power.

    That's the easy question. The hard one is which country should have jurisdiction over the author -- i.e., punishing him or not, according to laws? It certainly should not necessarily be the country of publication. The question is, should it be the country where the author resides or the country where the material was produced. They can be different. I can, for example, log into a server in Taiwan and type up a document there. In that case, the author resides in the US, but the material was produced in Taiwan.

    Though this seems like a difficult question, its actually very easy if you liken it to real-world scenaries. If I -- a US citizen -- leave the United States and go to another country (for vacation) which has different laws regulating, say, murder, I am accountable only to those laws, not US laws. The laws of one nation should stay within that nations borders; they should not follow that nations citizens around the world where-ever they may go. This would require that vacationing citizens would have to consider two different sets of laws to obey -- an unreasonable request. It may even require that citizens obey two contradictory laws -- an impossible request.

    Thus, the nation where the material was produced should have governing authority over the person who produced it, *provided* that person is in that nation at the time. I.e., this does not mean that the US can prosecute someone in Taiwan because he logged into a US system from remote to produce some material. However, it does mean that Taiwan cannot prosecute that person. It also means that should the person come to the US, he can be prosecuted in the US because he produced the offending material in the US, remotely from Taiwan.

    Lets apply this to the Dmitry Skylarov case. This means that the US has the jurisdiction to regulate that content within the US, but not the jurisdiction to prosecute anyone who wrote that content, as the content was produced in Russia.
    • Yeah, no. Maybe that's the way it should be (I don't think so) but it's way way not the way it is. If it's illegal to *produce* fake kiddie porn in the US, and you use your computer to make some 3D Studio Max animations of toddlers gyrating together, then publish it in Russia, they're still gonna lock you up. If it were only illegal to *publish* fake kiddie porn, then you'd be right. But the US, and Italy, can make whatever laws they want about what can happen in their borders.

      So. This Italian fellow should go to prison for blasphemy, and the Italian police officers that hacked his site should be extradited to the US to face their terrorism/hacking charges. Blasphemy was committed in Italy, and hacking was committed in the US.
  • by Restil ( 31903 ) on Monday July 22, 2002 @04:26PM (#3932834) Homepage
    Maybe I missed something. From what I can tell, the police obtained the account name and password, logged in, and removed the offending material from the user's account. No "servers" were shut down in the process, and the hosting company wasn't even aware of it.

    I suppose if the account holder later calls back in to complain, there's something. But it WAS his account that was used. If the police were able to find out his password, he should have made better efforts to conceal it. As it stands, no legal action was taken against the hosting company, they weren't even burdened with a request to remove anything.

    I guess I'm just not getting TOO excited about this.

    -Restil
  • by CDWert ( 450988 ) on Monday July 22, 2002 @04:26PM (#3932837) Homepage
    They did NO such thing, they did NOT I REPEAT NOT ! Shut down ANY web sites. They could have but they actually DIDNT.

    What they did do, was CHANGE the content in question REMOTLEY. They made no effort to have the ISP or the US goverment TERMINATE the hosting of these sites, what they did was (probably with a rubber hose and blackjack) get the username and password and altered the site.

    I hate when people say something other than happened, I read the damm headline an just about panicked that they somehow did this through LEGAL channels in the US , THEY DID NOT .

    What they did is no different than what a 12 year old script kiddie could have done with a username and password. they changed content, there is a HUGE difference betwwen CHANGING content and "Shutting Down" a website, if the fellow had US cronies that were willing to host it the Italians could do absolutley NOTHING about it. Im half tempted to get a cached copy and host it for the fellows. Let the meatballs try and shut it down.
    • They did NO such thing, they did NOT I REPEAT NOT ! Shut down ANY web sites. They could have but they actually DIDNT.

      What they did do, was CHANGE the content in question REMOTLEY.


      Buddy, the net result is the same -- the content is removed from the Internet.

      Whether that's by deleting the virtual host in IIS metabase, or 'killall httpd', or FTPing in and blowing away the content, the net result is that people can no longer view the site in question.

      I mean, really... the mechanics of how it occurred are totally moot. The site was taken down one way or the other, which was WAY out of their [the Italians'] jurisdiction. Period.
  • While I don't know what's so special about Swiss bank accounts (I'm just a poor college kid, not a money launderer), I do know they're famous for keeping money safe from your government/police/etc.

    Just as we store money in foreign contries to keep it safe from our local policies, the Italians in question stored their (publicly available) information in our country to keep it safe from theirs.
  • Do Italy and the USA have extradition laws setup up for between the countries? Because it seems to be the same as if they went into the US, and took the information themselves, which would have been looked down upon. (Think if they Italians didn't like something in the Pentagon and just went and wanted to take it down).
    To further this idea, if they 'happened' to have an FBI password that they obtained, and went in and deleted files that they thought were 'illegal' to them, wouldn't that be seen as another county trying to hack the US?

    Just a thought, but I am really apalled by this whole turn of events. It's really sad that those who are religous, aren't even strong enough in their faith to be able to deal with other views. They can only deal with their own and must irradicate all others.

  • by fishbowl ( 7759 ) on Monday July 22, 2002 @04:41PM (#3932924)
    The real outrage here is, and should be, that
    someone in the modern world is being punished
    for the crime of blasphemy -- and the country
    doing it is not having their UN charter revoked,
    and US Marines are not forcefully liberating the
    person being held hostage by this regime.

  • How would haven co handle such an event? would they bend to the law of italy?

    this is the perfect test of such a "country"

    Hey malda - how about getting a havenco rep on a /. interview - i would love to see what they would say about these types of cases....
  • What exactly do you want them to do? They can't get rid of the mafia so they had to show the world that they still actually exist and that they're not sitting on their lazy ass all day.
  • by freeweed ( 309734 ) on Monday July 22, 2002 @05:04PM (#3933105)
    Consider a privacy law recently passed by the European Parliament requiring companies anywhere in the world to obtain permission before sending marketing e-mail to Europeans.

    Jim Conway of the New York-based Direct Marketing Association worries that U.S. companies may have to scale back U.S. campaigns if they cannot assure that their mailing lists contain no European addresses.


    Someone let me know if this DOES happen.. I'll be wanting a European email address the minute it occurs :)
  • by Maeryk ( 87865 ) on Monday July 22, 2002 @06:28PM (#3933580) Journal
    If people REALLY wanna see Porn featuring the Madonna, they can just hit amazon and pick up that awful coffee table book she put out a few years ago!

    Maeryk
  • by m00nun1t ( 588082 ) on Monday July 22, 2002 @08:02PM (#3934052) Homepage
    I'm facing a similar situation. I run a web site (been live since Feb 96) which has a bunch of games, primarily aimed at small kids. It's hugely popular (1000's of unique users/day), I pay for the hosting myself and I just keep it up to bring a little happiness into the world. I live in Australia.

    Recently, I've been contacted by the FTC in the USA saying my site is not compliant with some new legislation called COPPA - the Childrens Online Privacy Protection Act. I replied to them, pointing out that I was resident in Australia and this was reflected in the WHOIS record for my domain. I got a personal (ie. not form letter) response from one of their lawyers, basically saying they don't care where I live, and the legislation explicitly mentions non-resident sites (with some fairly vague caveats: http://www.ftc.gov/privacy/coppafaqs.htm point 20).

    They have since started sending me snail mail (based on my whois record) with friendly messages encouraging compliance, but making it very clear they are watching me.

    While I applaud COPPA and support its principles, I do resent being legally threatened by another countries government.

    At this point, I have chosen to remain non-compliant. I don't do anything explicitly "wrong" under the act, I don't sell kids email addresses (from an e-card page), etc. But I haven't complied to their privacy policy requirements. I want to see what they do and how far they take this. At the end of the day, compliance is a trivial task and if they get really nasty, I can become compliant in 30 minutes. But it's the principle - I'm Australian and I'm not interested in the laws of another country. I'm sure /.ers understand that (even if they don't agree with my actions).
  • Act of War (Score:3, Funny)

    by Lothar+0 ( 444996 ) on Monday July 22, 2002 @09:14PM (#3934405) Homepage
    That the Italian government interfered with data on a server in this country, and put their official insignia, without permission, on a U.S. website is just that - an invasion on our soil and an attack upon one of our most protected civil liberties. I shake with rage when I see this site and the blatant invasion of our soverignty.

    Glad I'm not President, or else I would have bombed Rome upon first mention of this incident.
  • A trend ? (Score:3, Informative)

    by AftanGustur ( 7715 ) on Tuesday July 23, 2002 @03:33AM (#3935685) Homepage


    It's becoming a trend to do things you want, just if you can get away with it..

    Just look at USA/UK on Iraq.

    Things are getting OK, simply if you can do them without beeing punished..

    Stay tuned for this becoming the norm in all aspects of society..

Math is like love -- a simple idea but it can get complicated. -- R. Drabek

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