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Appeals Court Denies Safe Harbor for Roommates.com

Posted by ScuttleMonkey on Wed May 16, 2007 04:43 PM
from the appeals-court-says-don't-be-a-dick dept.
Mariner writes "The Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals denied Roommates.com Safe Harbor status under the Communications Decency Act in a lawsuit brought by the Fair Housing Councils of San Fernando Valley and San Diego. Roommates.com was accused of helping landlords discriminate against certain kinds of tenants due to a couple of questions on the Roommates.com registration form: gender and sexual orientation. 'Though it refused to rule on whether Roommates.com actually violated the Fair Housing Act, the Court did find that it lost Section 230 immunity because it required users to enter that information in order to proceed. As Judge Alex Kozinski put it in his opinion, "if it is responsible, in whole or in part, for creating or developing the information, it becomes a content provider and is not entitled to CDA immunity."'"
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  • by Anonymous Coward on Wednesday May 16 2007, @04:45PM (#19152003)
    You don't have to get all pissy about the "no fags or bitches" part of my flier.
  • I don't see how a content site that collects confidential information that may be used in a screening process can possibly be considered a common carrier under anyone's definition of the term.
    • > I don't see how a content site that collects confidential information that may be used in a
      > screening process can possibly be considered a common carrier under anyone's definition of the term.

      You are correct... as far as that reasoning goes. But the CORRECT ruling (yea, good luck getting a sane ruling in CA) would have been to toss the case on the grounds that neither the "Fair Housing Act" nor the CDA pass Constituitional muster. The CDA fails on 1st and 10th Amendment grounds and the FHA on 10th. So it should have been tossed back into state courts.

      Listen up pinheads, people have the right to be wrong. At least 'wrong' from your point of view. Since Stallman already has claimed Freedom Zero call this one Freedom -1. For if you claim the right to tell someone they are wrong and must agree with you, you are asserting yourself as their master. And the odds approach 100% that sooner or later everyone else is going to think one of your cherished beliefs/practices is 'wrong' and impose their will on you. And having given up the principles of Freedom you will have no moral argument to offer as to why you should be left in peace.

      Tolerence isn't allowing people you agree with to do things you approve of, it is permitting people you don't like to do things you disapprove of so long as they don't use force or fraud against others. Yes that means yo have to tolerate the intolerant sometimes.
      • Re: (Score:3, Insightful)

        But the CORRECT ruling (yea, good luck getting a sane ruling in CA) would have been to toss the case on the grounds that neither the "Fair Housing Act" nor the CDA pass Constituitional muster.

        Unless a novel Constitutional argument was made, that would have been an incorrect ruling by the appeals court, since, any merits of the past Constitutional arguments that have been made and rejected by the Supreme Court aside, the most common Constitutional arguments against those acts have been made previously, and

      • <blockquote><i>Tolerence isn't allowing people you agree with to do things you approve of, it is permitting people you don't like to do things you disapprove of so long as they don't use force or fraud against others.</i></blockquote>

        I think the problem here is the definition of "force". In a very real way, discriminating landlords are "forcing" potential tenants to live somewhere else. I don't think of it as much different from making black people sit at the back of the bus. (Yes
        • Re: (Score:3, Insightful)

          I cannot deny you a job because I don't like your non work related lifesyle.

          Am I the one hiring you? Then I can deny you a job for any reason I please. Example: I am denying you a job right now (assuming you don't currently work for me, which I think is likely :). You can't make me hire you, regardless of why you think I'm not.

          I cannot deny you a place to live over things that don't directly affect me.

          Am I the one renting or selling you the place? Then I can in fact choose not to rent or sell for any r

          • You might think that is how it should be, but legally you don't have the right to deny people a job for any reason or choose to rent or sell for any reason you please - a long range of reasons are illegal discrimination whether you like it or not.
                • Re: (Score:3, Insightful)

                  Incidentally, I'm perfectly willing to concede that case law, SCOTUS decisions, etc. are against me on this. But that still doesn't make it a fundamental human right.

                • Re: (Score:3, Insightful)

                  Interstate commerce - which given case law, basically covers all commerce (not that it's right).


                  It actually, per the case law, covers all activities which might reasonably impact interstate markets; this includes activities not commercial in themselves (such as, at the outer extreme, growing wheat—the textbook example—or marijuana—from a more recent case—at home for one's own personal consumption).

            • Re: (Score:3, Insightful)

              Except that given human nature that's not practical.

              Throughout history there have been people who for whatever reason want to take advantage of others so we are stuck making laws to prevent that. Laws that are supposed to make people play nice together. For instance I'm not allowed to just walk up and punch you in the face no matter how good an idea I think that is.

              My right to do what I want doesn't infringe on your right to live without being punched in the face.

              Employment and housing laws are to make su
  • I don't claim any prior knowledge of roommates.com at all, but... 1. Were these fields optional? I wouldn't expect something like orientation to be a required question. The judge says it is, but I want to hear from somebody who's used the site. 2. Are all people who look at applications considered landlords, or only some of them?
    • Re: (Score:2, Informative)

      1. Were these fields optional?...
      I realise that no one reads TFA, but even the summary says, "...the Court did find that it lost Section 230 immunity because it required users to enter that information in order to proceed."
      • Re: (Score:3, Insightful)

        Well at least thats better than not reading the comments one is responding to:

        The judge says it is, but I want to hear from somebody who's used the site.
      • Re:Roommates.com (Score:4, Informative)

        by Anonymous Coward on Wednesday May 16 2007, @05:44PM (#19152863)
        They aren't. If you try to leave it blank, you get bounced with a message that you have to go back and fill it in.
        • Re:Roommates.com (Score:5, Insightful)

          by Grishnakh (216268) on Wednesday May 16 2007, @08:11PM (#19154727)
          I am an attorney who has defended landlords and apartment managers in fair housing cases since 1985. I believe that housing discrimination is wrong and should be illegal.

          There's a bit of a difference between a corporate-owned, professionally-managed apartment complex selecting applicants for leases, and a single person who needs a roommate in her apartment.

          Do you think a 100lbs. single woman shouldn't be allowed to discriminate on the basis of gender when she's selecting roommates? If so, then you are a loon.

          As far as I'm concerned, people should be able to pick whomever they want as their roommate, using any criteria they want.
          • Re:Roommates.com (Score:5, Informative)

            by anothy (83176) on Thursday May 17 2007, @07:21AM (#19159343) Homepage

            As far as I'm concerned, people should be able to pick whomever they want as their roommate, using any criteria they want.
            and the Fair Housing Act agrees with you. it contains several explicit exemptions, most relevantly exempting an owner renting out rooms in a house in which he lives (providing it's designed to house four or fewer independent families). the original suit did not claim that any individual user of roommates.com violated the FHA, but that the site itself did by providing explicit choices in violation of the code. the court (in the majority opinion) upheld CDA immunity for the free-form comment boxes, where the site itself had no role in forming the content (which i think is an important, and correct, distinction).
        • That is not the case at all. The Federal Fair Housing Act does not apply to roommates. It only applies to landlords with 4 or more units.

          And anyhow, it doesn't protect gays. Gays are not a protected class. I can put up a banner on one of my apartment buildings that says, "Not faggots allowed!" and while it would probably violate about a half dozen sign ordinances, it would be perfectly legal under fair housing laws.

          On the other hand, if that banner said, "No blacks allowed!" I'd be in a world of hurt.
  • While I kind of find the judge denying safe harbor a bit harsh, I do sort of appreciate the whole "required" versus optional form data. When I fill out forms for this and that on the web, I really get annoyed when every gorram field is required. I understand that the more complete the info, the better able to provide services, but honestly, forcing email or phone on peole is just likely to either a)turn users off from going any further or b)cause users to enter fake info.

    I'd much rather have missing fields
    • If you want to make a fake email without worrying about anyone ever receiving email because of it, RFC 2606 [rfc-editor.org] defines reserved domain names. Thinking about all the emails that have bounced after being sent to blowme@example.com just warms my heart.
    • I think it's a good ruling. The safe harbor protects groups who clearly have no hand in what information is collected or how it is used. Since this website appears to have a hand in that (at least by gathering potentially discriminatory information), they need to demonstrate that they're using it in a manner consistent with the law. That is best done by letting the case go to the next stage. Note that the court hasn't said that there's anything illegal going on, just that the site doesn't get a free pas
  • by iknownuttin (1099999) on Wednesday May 16 2007, @04:54PM (#19152167)
    gender and sexual orientation.

    Whenever you see ads in the paper for folks looking for roommates, you always see several things:
    Female looking for female.

    Male looking for female or male roommate

    Gay man looking for roommate,

    etc...

    What's wrong with entering that information so you can be matched up with someone that you'll be compatible with?

    If you were unknowingly matched up with a gay man, and you're a devout Evangelical Christian, boy, there's going to be some rough patches! The same goes with women who would feel really uncomfortable with rooming with a guy.

    Geeze! Sometimes the law isn't realistic.

    • by Anonymous Coward on Wednesday May 16 2007, @04:57PM (#19152211)
      If you were unknowingly matched up with a gay man, and you're a devout Evangelical Christian

      I smell sitcom!
    • Re: (Score:2, Insightful)

      I'm really getting tired of these "fair housing" groups' bullshit. I cant see whats wrong with "Female looking for female." Wasnt this the same group that sued Craigslist? Sounds like they're just interested in the money. As a tenant looking for a roommate I now have less rights because I cant specify male or female. Sexual orientation I can see as being iffy (such things should be talked about in person, not publically posted on forums for privacy reasons), but gender? You've got to be kidding me.
      • by lawpoop (604919) on Wednesday May 16 2007, @05:23PM (#19152537) Homepage Journal
        It's okay to discriminate if you're living with the person, or your another renter. However, it's not okay for a landlord to decide they don't want to rent to gays, or unwed mothers, or young men who might tear the place up.

        What the court ruled is that it's not okay for a *landlord*, who is not living with the people, to discriminate on the basis of religion, race, creed, ethnicity, gender, etc. etc. So they are saying using an online roommate-finding website does not make it okay for a landlord to discriminate.
      • The fair housing groups are going after landlords not people looking for roommates. Craigslist was sued because it allowed ads from landlords specifying gender and religion.
    • by djtack (545324) on Wednesday May 16 2007, @05:09PM (#19152363)
      The fair housing act doesn't always apply, there are times when it is legal to discriminate based on gender etc. http://www.hud.gov/offices/fheo/FHLaws/yourrights. cfm [hud.gov] There is an exemption for owner occupied buildings (i.e. you want to rent out that extra bedroom in your house). Also if you are just looking for a roommate, you are not the landlord so it would similarly not apply, in fact I would think this would be protected under the 1st amendment as freedom of association.
      • Re: (Score:3, Insightful)

        Still, one of the major ills of our society is that more and more of our important freedoms are being removed and replaced with specific "exemptions" in law. Why should my needs have to fit into one of their silly "exemptions"? Who are they to restrict my life so? Seriously, this is beginning to get ridiculous.

        I'm of the opinion that every time our elected leaders decide to make a new law, they should be required to remove a minimum of four existing laws from the books. Period. This would force our fearl
    • by pluther (647209) <pluther.usa@net> on Wednesday May 16 2007, @05:24PM (#19152561) Homepage
      Actually, the law is realistic in this case.

      If you are going to be living with the person, then the fair housing act does not apply to you.

      So, if you're actually looking for a roommate, then you can discriminate based on any criteria you want, including age, sexual preference, race, religion, hobbies, whether they'll sleep with you or not, etc.

      The judge did not rule that they cannot ask about such things. The ruling was simply about Safe Harbor status. That is, since the information was required from the person looking for housing, and a landlord used it to find a tenant, and was found to have discriminated based on information furnished to them by roommates.com, then roommates.com could be found to be complicit in the discrimination. They could avoid this by making such fields optional, or by only passing along protected information to owners who will be sharing living space.

      At least, that's my take from the article. I'm not a lawyer either, but I've been involved in a few court cases involving landlord/tenant law.

  • by superwiz (655733) on Wednesday May 16 2007, @04:54PM (#19152171) Journal
    Since the site's purpose is clearly to find roommates and not tenants, you should have more latitude in what kind of questions you can ask. When you accept a roommate, you do much more than engage in landlord/tenant relationship. Finding a roommate is a process of creating a household. And anyone should be able to choose what kind of household they live in.
    • Re: (Score:3, Insightful)

      Did you RTFA? The courts decision wasn't about IF asking these questions violated the fair housing act, it was if the safe harbor exemption could be applied. The court ruled it couldn't, since it asked some very specific questions with regards to sex (protected) and sexual orientation.
  • by superbus1929 (1069292) on Wednesday May 16 2007, @04:56PM (#19152195) Homepage
    So when some redneck moron finds out he's staying with a gay guy because roommates.com had to change things to continue to be protected by Section 230 and he therefore didn't know, and inevitably kicks the everliving shit out of him, does that mean Roommates.com is also responsible for the shit-kicking?
  • If I'm looking for a roommate, why shouldn't I be able to filter for gender and sexual orientation? For that matter, maybe I'm a racist jerk and don't want black or asian roommates. Isn't that my right, regardless of how silly it might seem to someone else?

    • One could say the same thing about looking for a tenant. I know guys who own investment property and simply refuse to rent to asian families because, according to him, they all dump cooking scraps and oils and shit down the drains which clogs and breaks them (and he then has to pay to fix it). Is this racist? Well, it's certainly an over-generalization.

        • Re: (Score:3, Insightful)

          Exactly. The way discrimination against blacks went away after the Civil War. The free market took care of that one, all right.
            • Re: (Score:3, Insightful)

              The result of a segregated society has been universally shown to be disfavourable.

              Sucks that we have to limit personal liberty to get people to be civil to each other, but there ya go.
  • by spaceyhackerlady (462530) on Wednesday May 16 2007, @05:01PM (#19152253)

    The B.C. Residential Tenancy Act [gov.bc.ca] allows for three sorts of discrimination: age, when it's a property specifically for older folks. Disability, when it's a property specifically for disabled folks. And just about anything else (particularly gender and sexual orientation) when there are shared kitchens and bathrooms involved.

    Little else matters. If you can pay the rent (and come by the money lawfully), they can't turn you down.

    ...laura

  • Critically, this overrides what had been the common interpretation of Carafano v. Metrosplash.com [wikipedia.org] which was that form fill-in websites had the same immunity as free-text websites (and ISPs). This roommates.com decision says "no" -- matchmaker.com had immunity only because a) the offending information (Carafano's home address etc.) was posted in free-text fields of the form and b) posting such information violated matchmaker.com's terms of service.

    As regards violating the Fair Housing Act, there is a shared living exception [hud.gov]. It seems to me that if roommates.com added a "shared living" checkbox to its form, it could AJAX-open the additional fields regarding gender and sexuality, and thus avoid falling afoul of the FHA. Roommates.com would still not be covered by the Section 230 exception of the Communications Decency Act, but it wouldn't need it.

    • Re: (Score:3, Insightful)

      I think the important factor in this case was that the gender/orientation information was required in order to proceed with registration on the site. TFA says a free-form response stating the same info would have been acceptable.

      This then presents a simple legal solution for roommates.com which from a practical point of view is no different from the current site: Just make the options male, female, and unspecified. People can continue to search for male/female roommates (or unspecified if you don't car

  • What the hell (Score:5, Insightful)

    by Lithdren (605362) on Wednesday May 16 2007, @05:24PM (#19152559)
    How on earth is it Roommates.com's fault is LANDLORDS are abusing the system to discriminate? Be like looking someon up on Myspace, and denying them a job because of some pictures put up. Is it Myspace.com's fault?

    I hope they are atleast suing the landlords that were abusing this info. Thats the problem with information on the net, its accessible to everyone, weather they should have it or not. I understand nailing landlords to the cross for abusing this info, but I totaly fail to understand how this is the websites fault for supplying the information. Its even submitted by the people themselves...its not like it wasn't wanted to be known..
    • If I'm a landlord, then I should not be able to discriminate based on race, gender, religion, sexual orientation, etc, but DUDE... this is for ROOMMATES. Although discrimination is wrong in principal, individuals sharing a house or apartment with one another really need to make sure they're compatible. I'm a lesbian... so I might be willing to share my apartment with a gay man, but certainly not a straight one. Likewise, a straight woman really might be uncomfortable sharing an apartment with me. What's wro
    • Re: (Score:3, Insightful)

      I would agree with you if this was about landlords, but this is a site for finding roommates. You should be able to choose the type of people you live with. If a woman doesn't want to live with a man because that makes her uncomfortable, that should be her right. Same with a homosexual and a fundamentalist Christian, a man with very fundamentalist parents and a woman, a man and a homosexual man, etc. A person should not be forced to room with another person that makes them uncomfortable, even if those r
      • Re:Very bad ruling (Score:5, Insightful)

        by XanC (644172) on Wednesday May 16 2007, @05:33PM (#19152711)

        I'd just like to point out how the word "discrimination" has been hijacked. Discrimination is a good, useful, and necessary thing. Whenever you make a choice about something being better than something else, that's discrimination. You want and need to discriminate.

        For particular reasons, discrimination based on certain factors (race, color, religion, sex, and national origin) for certain purposes (housing, voting, employment, and public services) has been made illegal. Any other kind is perfectly legal.

        Here, you've assumed that any kind of discrimination is bad. You're talking about illegal discrimination.

    • Re: (Score:3, Informative)

      Wait. The COMMUNICATIONS DECENCY ACT? The act that was supposed to keep the kiddies away from Intarweb pr0n?

      Wasn't that struck down, like, in the 1990s?

      Some (but not all, IIRC) of the prohibitory provisions were either struck down or limited in applicability by the Supreme Court.

      The safe harbor provisions, which provide a liability shield which extends to liability under other laws (pretty much all other laws that turn on the status of "publisher or speaker"), not just the prohibitory provisions of the CDA,