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RIAA & MPAA Seek Authority To Pretext

Posted by kdawson on Sat Apr 07, 2007 03:39 PM
from the lie-if-we-want-to dept.
msblack writes "The RIAA and MPAA are lobbying California legislators for an exemption to proposed legislation that would outlaw pretexting. Pretexting is the practice of pretending to be someone else in order to obtain personal information on a person, such as telephone or banking records. According to an article in the LA Times, the RIAA and MPAA sometimes need to lie in their pursuit of bootleggers. They would like the legislation to exempt anyone who owns a copyright, patent, trademark, or trade secret from restrictions against pretexting. An interesting line from the article is, '[RIAA's Brad] Buckles said the recording industry had never, nor would it ever, assume someone's identity to access that person's phone or bank records.' Fortunately, Senator Corbert, the bill's author, is unlikely to accept these hostile changes."
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  • Burden of Proof (Score:4, Insightful)

    by pipingguy (566974) * on Saturday April 07 2007, @03:41PM (#18649559) Homepage
    Pretexting is the practice of pretending to be someone else in order to obtain personal information on a person

    Is it appropriate for government to have a Department of Sock-Puppetism? This rings a lot of alarm bells and there's probably something about this in the constitution already.
    • Re:Burden of Proof (Score:5, Insightful)

      by Dun Malg (230075) on Saturday April 07 2007, @04:58PM (#18650331) Homepage

      Pretexting is the practice of pretending to be someone else in order to obtain personal information on a person

      Is it appropriate for government to have a Department of Sock-Puppetism? This rings a lot of alarm bells and there's probably something about this in the constitution already.
      No, you don't seem to understand what the US constitution is. The constitution is an enumeration of the limited powers of the federal government, and nothing else. Pretexting is essentially a form of fraud, which is generally covered by state laws.
      • Mostly Correct (Score:5, Insightful)

        by Alaren (682568) on Saturday April 07 2007, @05:27PM (#18650547) Homepage

        The constitution is an enumeration of the limited powers of the federal government, and nothing else.

        While you are correct that the U.S. Constitution is largely a matter of enumeration, it has been amended quite heavily to include specific limits as well as enumerations. The Ninth Amendment in particular, which has sadly been both overlooked and marginalized in Supreme Court jurisprudence, makes it quite clear that individuals have certain inalienable rights which actually include limitations on government power that are not enumerated in the Constitution itself.

        Note that in this story, we're talking about private entities rather than government employees doing the pretexting, but I think the grandparent post is probably inferring something about de facto law enforcement entities (if the government hires a "private" police force, do they have to read you your Miranda warning?), but it's important that we not lose sight of the dual purposes of the Constitution: to enumerate government powers, and to limit then.

          • That's True (Score:5, Interesting)

            by Alaren (682568) on Saturday April 07 2007, @10:32PM (#18652507) Homepage

            You're right, but mostly because (with some exceptions recently read back in by the Rehnquist court) the Tenth Amendment is seen as a sort of tautology.

            This does fall under the state's police powers, but the Fourteenth Amendment extends the bill of rights to the states. If (and sadly it's a pretty big "if" these days) the Ninth Amendment were construed to strongly support the "Right to Privacy" that has been read into the Constitution since at least the time of Roe v. Wade, then this could be an invasion of privacy and hence forbidden (to the government) despite the state's general police powers.

            But the question remains, if something is forbidden to the state, but not to private individuals or entities, and those individuals or entities provide that service (or in this case, information) for the state, is it still unconstitutional? I would like to say "yes," but the answer probably depends more on the judges you wind up with. I don't want my state getting around Miranda rights or search-and-seizure rights or implementing cruel and unusual punishment by "hiring it out." This would be similar; assuming the government is not allowed to pretext, but the **AA is, should evidence obtained (or, likely, created) by **AA pretexting be admissible for civil trials? How about criminal trials?

            And that, I think, was the original poster's point.

            Disclosure: I am not a lawyer, though I am in law school. But this should not be taken as legal advice.

      • Re:Burden of Proof (Score:5, Informative)

        by xigxag (167441) on Saturday April 07 2007, @06:03PM (#18650861)
        Pretexting is essentially a form of fraud, which is generally covered by state laws.

        You mean, pretexting is essentially a form of wire fraud, which falls under interstate commerce, and therefore covered by Federal [cornell.edu] law.
      • Feinstein (one of California's senators) is totally bought off by hollywood [slashdot.org] (dupe here [slashdot.org]) amongst others [metroactive.com].
      • by rtb61 (674572) on Sunday April 08 2007, @02:51AM (#18653681) Homepage
        The funniest is part is to allow anybody who holds copyright. Those RIAA smucks must be on the really bad drugs again, basically I could not imagine anybody on the planet who does not hold copyright on something they have created, from schools essays to family snap shots.

        How stupid could you be, an addendum to a law that basically allows everybody to ignore it, oh my, only RIAA lawyers could have manage that one.

  • by nietsch (112711) on Saturday April 07 2007, @03:44PM (#18649583) Homepage Journal
    Copyright is by default AFAIK, so anyone who has ever written some original text is exempt from this proposed law? So actually they wish to neuter this law?
      • by tomhudson (43916) <hudsonNO@SPAMvideotron.ca> on Saturday April 07 2007, @04:07PM (#18649851) Journal

        FTFA"

        The trade group asked that any owner of a copyright, patent, trademark or trade secret be able to use "pretexting or other investigative techniques to obtain personal information about a customer or employee" when seeking to enforce intellectual property rights.
        So they DO want everyone who's a copyright owner (which includes anyone who's ever written anything original) to be exempt. If this passes, you can pretext them on the "pretext" that you're looking for any evidence of them infringing, say, your copyright on your slashdot posts.

        Also:

        Basically, we want criminals to feel comfortable that who they're dealing with is probably some other criminal and let us in on what's going on," said Brad Buckles, the RIAA's executive vice president for anti-piracy.

        Can't argue with the RIAA calling themselves a bunch of criminals ... its truth in advertising.

        • by value_added (719364) on Saturday April 07 2007, @06:31PM (#18651047)
          Can't argue with the RIAA calling themselves a bunch of criminals ... its truth in advertising.

          Our chief weapon is suprise...surprise and fear...fear and surprise.... Our two weapons are fear and surprise...and ruthless efficiency.... Our *three* weapons are fear, surprise, and ruthless efficiency...and an almost fanatical devotion to the Pope.... Our *four*...no... *Amongst* our weapons.... Amongst our weaponry...are such elements as fear, surprise.... and pretexting?

          I'll come in again.
      • Re: (Score:3, Interesting)

        Well, exactly. For a mere $45, you too can receive a License to Pretext [copyright.gov].
              • by cpt kangarooski (3773) on Sunday April 08 2007, @09:58PM (#18659743) Homepage
                What "traditional system"?

                Some means of registration has been standard for copyright law ever since the very first copyright law, the Statute of Anne, from England in 1710. The first federal copyright law enacted by the then-new United States under the then-new Constitution, was the 1790 Copyright Act, and it granted nationwide copyrights from the date of registration; if you didn't or couldn't register, then you didn't get a US copyright. And that's been how the United States worked until the disastrous 1976 Copyright Act, which is still in force today.

                So I'd say the traditional system of which I speak is the entirety of US copyright law for nearly two centuries, with strong influences going back another 80 years.

                You're not suggesting that copies of every draft of every document and every element of every creative work be deposited at a modern day equivalent of the stationers office?

                No, of course not; that would be nice from an archival point of view, but ultimately silly.

                I am suggesting that for every copyrightable creative work for which a copyright is sought, a registration would have to be made, along with a deposit of the entire work. I think that the final form of the work, that is, the form in which it is published or otherwise made publicly known, would be sufficient. In some cases, supplemental information would be required in order that the work would materially and meaningfully be available to the public, particularly looking forward to its entry into the public domain. For example, for a compiled computer program, reasonably well-commented source and notes on the compilers and platforms used would be required so that 1) people could study the source, just as they can study a book, to glean the unprotected ideas from it, and 2) people could reasonably easily alter the program when it entered the public domain (or before if an applicable exception applied).

                While it would be nice to get the drafts that were used to create the published work, I think that it would be best to let the drafts fall under the copyright for the published work, without needing to deposit them as well, so long as they were unpublished. If they were published, it would be important to get a deposit and probably a supplemental registration. I don't think that it would be appropriate to extend the term, or to grant a whole new term to the drafts as if they were a separate work, but I don't have strong feelings on that, and I'd be glad to discuss it.

                That's a totally insane opinion, even for an IP extremist like yourself.

                I have only two things to say to that. First, not only is it not insane, but mandatory registration and deposit were central to US copyright law for a very long time, and to some degree even survived the craptastic 1976 Act for a while. Second, I'm not an "IP extremist." I would describe myself as a moderate. I am interested only in reform to the extent that that reform would maximally serve the public interest. I have no desire to tear anything down just for the hell of it. But I also have no tolerance for abuses of the public, which are sadly commonplace today.

                There was a recent proposal by the British library that all UK web sites be archived. It may have been well intended but was nonetheless laughed out of technology and publishing circles - with good reason.

                There is no good reason whatsoever, and I support the proposal. A website is no different from anything else. Newspapers that printed two, and sometimes three editions a day had no difficulties with registration and deposit if they wanted a copyright. Website authors would have no difficulty either. If they were unwilling to bother, then we should be unwilling to grant them a copyright. Copyright is, after all, a quid pro quo system. It's not as though it would be particularly difficult for the site authors, and I would strongly support the creation by the Copyright Office of automated methods of submitting the updated sites, paperwork, billing, etc.

                I
  • by jakosc (649857) * on Saturday April 07 2007, @03:44PM (#18649589)
    So I since I own the copyright to this post, I should be free of restrictions against pretexting?

    "They would like the legislation to exempt anyone who owns a copyright, patent, trademark, or trade secret from restrictions against pretexting."

    From www.copyright.gov [copyright.gov] Your work is under copyright protection the moment it is created and fixed in a tangible form that it is perceptible either directly or with the aid of a machine or device.
  • by zoomshorts (137587) on Saturday April 07 2007, @03:49PM (#18649647)
    FRAUD.
    • by Artifakt (700173) on Saturday April 07 2007, @04:42PM (#18650187)
      Exactly!

      To all you peple who have been argueing that copyright violation is theft, and saying all those 'clever' things about how the people who oppose the RIAA really merely want to steal copies, etc. - By your own logic, the RIAA is now obviously and openly a criminal organization, that wants to commit FRAUD with impunity, and so ALL of you who support it are also Liars, Cheats, Con-artists, Carney Shills, and most of all, FELONS. No-good, Criminal, Scum! You cons all deserve the chair, if we can figure out how to get your high horses in there under you.
      Let's call it waht it IS! Let's call ALL the criminals what they ARE!
  • trade secret (Score:5, Insightful)

    by Speare (84249) on Saturday April 07 2007, @03:50PM (#18649669) Homepage

    Any case involving "Copyright, Patent, Trademark or Trade Secret"?

    Wasn't the whole HP thing about the leaking of trade secrets? Wasn't the whole HP thing the inspiration for this long-overdue-but-should-never-have-been-necessary legislation in the first place?

  • by dghcasp (459766) on Saturday April 07 2007, @03:51PM (#18649679)

    ... They would like the legislation to exempt anyone who owns a copyright, patent, trademark, or trade secret from restrictions against pretexting.

    Since copyright is attached at the moment of creation, anyone who has ever written a letter, blog post, or even a comment on slashdot owns a copyright.

    In other words, "everyone should be exempt from this legislation, except possibly pets."

  • Pretexting? (Score:5, Insightful)

    by OpenGLFan (56206) on Saturday April 07 2007, @03:52PM (#18649685) Homepage
    Pretexting? What's that?
    Pretexting is the practice of pretending to be someone else in order to obtain personal information on a person, such as telephone or banking records.
    Ohh. You mean wire fraud [wikipedia.org] .

    Nope. We'll keep that illegal, thanks.
      • Re:Pretexting? (Score:5, Insightful)

        by Rob the Bold (788862) on Saturday April 07 2007, @05:05PM (#18650383)

        From your own link, wire-fraud necessarily includes, "to defraud, or for obtaining money or property."

        Note the 'or' in the phrase. They could be seeking just to defraud. And "defraud", according to the dictionary, is "to deprive of a right, money, or property by fraud". So the losses could be rights, such as protection from self incrimination, or the security of ones papers and effects, that were being deprived by fraud.

          • Re:Pretexting? (Score:5, Interesting)

            by SillyNickName4me (760022) <dotslash@bartsplace.net> on Sunday April 08 2007, @07:23AM (#18654519) Homepage
            All of which are LEGAL activities.

            And so is me transfering money to another person. It might however become a legal issue still depending on why I transfered that money, whom I transfered it to, and what they are going to use it for.

            And lying is a perfectly legal activity when it is not done to further a crime.

            Try that one when giving a testimony under oath. Even if what you lied about has no relevance to the case at hand, does not further any crimes or anything, it is still punishable. There are many more cases where lying has been made explicitly illegal.

            The fact that lying in general isn't illegal is because usually it is too small an issue to deal with it by law, and most cases of lying are better dealt with by parents or employers or such.

            Arguing that lying in itself is not illegal is fine from a technical point of view, but you may want to think about the consequences of allowing lying EXPLICITLY by law.

  • by Rosco P. Coltrane (209368) on Saturday April 07 2007, @03:53PM (#18649699)
    I mean, sure they don't get names and addresses directly, but when the **AAs put files up on P2P called "madonna.mp3" or "dirty_dancing.avi", let people download them (often dud files but hey, it's the name that counts), log IPs of people who downloaded them and pressure ISPs to disclose whose computers these IPs were at the time of the d/l, isn't this baiting people? IANAL, but I would think it's just as crass and illegal as outright pretexting.
    • by Lumpy (12016) on Saturday April 07 2007, @04:05PM (#18649843) Homepage
      you know what though, they even suck at that. Most people that are big into the "scene" can spot the crap quite easily. the big release guys have a specific pattern to their file names and setup and the RIAA/MPAA shills that try and poison the files are not smart enough to see the patterns.

      It really easy to spot their crap and avoid it. The ony ones that get caught are the kiddies that download everything in sight and dont have the IQ to clean up their shared folder (most dont even know that they have a shared folder) coupled with guys that compile lists of ip address blocks to blacklist and they are going to do nothing but lose. They will never catch the big time guys as they know what to look for and how to deal with it. Hell the biggest trend right now is to have the files rar packed just to screw with them. I've seen 7z packing showing up as well to throw off the sniffers.

      These companies are simply lobbying to have the right to commit wire fraud. And if it passes this sill be complete and irrefutable proof that the US government is completely and utterly corrupt.
    • Re: (Score:3, Interesting)

      Could I use the defense that the fucking RIAA put the files there, why was I supposed to know I couldn't do it?

      I wonder if this would pan out in court.

      Judge: how do you plead in the charges of illegaly downloading and distributing copyrighted materials.

      ME: no guilty your honor.

      Judge: would the prosecution like to present their evidence.

      RIAA: we put these files on a program designed to share songs videos and other files and this program automatically re-shares the files when you down load them. We noticed th
  • by Benedick (737361) on Saturday April 07 2007, @03:54PM (#18649719)
    Remember the big stink about the HP board hiring people who used pretexting to investigate board leaks? Wanna bet HP might have a couple of copyrights and patents? This little exemption the RIAA wants would mean HP was exempt from fraud for that.

    One step further: Probably all large corporations hold copyrights and patents. Does this mean they should all be exempt from fraud charges? Oh, wow, is this a bad, bad idea! I sure hope congress is smarter than this.

  • 1)

    "Pretexting" aka social engineering aka phishing aka identify theft. RIAA/MPAA should be treated like the criminals they are.

    2)

    Wouldn't it make it easier for anyone to legally commit "pretexting" by simply filing a copyright or patent? Seems like a legal loophole like this would give too much leeway to would-be professional identity thieves who already out there today.
  • by zappepcs (820751) on Saturday April 07 2007, @03:58PM (#18649761) Journal
    for anyone to see that the **AA are purely criminal in nature. What they can't get away with in the courts they are now asking for permission to break the law, or be exempt from it.

    Since it would be illegal, never mind impractical, killing off the **AA is not an option. I wish it was easy enough to simply boycott them out of existence. Perhaps this kind of move by the **AA will lead to a boycott that does really hurt them. I hope so.
  • So now... (Score:5, Funny)

    by Anonymous Coward on Saturday April 07 2007, @04:00PM (#18649775)
    So now the RIAA and the MPAA want to actually pose as me and download music and movies, so that they can sue me?
  • by CharonX (522492) on Saturday April 07 2007, @04:02PM (#18649787) Journal
    The RIAA and MPAA have been lobbying for a bill that would allow them to shoot people, whom they suspect of being so-called pirates, on sight.
    They promise they would never shoot innocent people, and in fact, added that being shot by a RIMPAA anti-piracy squad is actually proof that the target was a pirate.
    • by zCyl (14362) on Saturday April 07 2007, @05:58PM (#18650807)

      They promise they would never shoot innocent people, and in fact, added that being shot by a RIMPAA anti-piracy squad is actually proof that the target was a pirate.

      It's not like they would shoot people without warning. I'm sure they would first give people an offer they can't refuse.
  • by A beautiful mind (821714) on Saturday April 07 2007, @04:04PM (#18649817)
    This is what the RIAA has and demands. It is one thing to harass people with lawsuits and it is other to demand special powers for themselves to enforce their own interests. This is akin to the difference between a rich individual saying very stupid things and using the law to his own advantage and this [wikipedia.org].
  • by Tokerat (150341) on Saturday April 07 2007, @04:04PM (#18649823) Journal
    When it comes to capturing murderers, rapists, druglords, and pedophiles, the government has decided that this method has too much potential for misuse, even in cases of good intent. ...but the RIAA feels it's ok to use it for something as minor as copyright infringement? A prefect example of what is wrong with this world. Rampant fucking greed.
  • by Firethorn (177587) on Saturday April 07 2007, @04:06PM (#18649847) Homepage Journal
    The moment they add on a rider making it legal to hunt and stuff lawyers.
    • The moment they add on a rider making it legal to hunt and stuff lawyers.

      They probably wouldn't mind, so long as you stuffed them with money.
    • Re: (Score:3, Funny)

      The correct term is "mount" not stuff.
      So you should have said

      "The moment they add on a rider making it legal to hunt and mount lawyers."

      There, that's better.
  • geez... (Score:5, Insightful)

    by um... Lucas (13147) on Saturday April 07 2007, @04:10PM (#18649879) Journal
    it seems like everyone's missing the point of this. or else i'm seeing it as being something else.

    they're not trying to legallize "pretexting" so that that can pretend to be any one in particular, or in general. I THINK (key word) that they're trying for this so that they can legally run P2P client/servers and then use the resulting log files as a way of gathering evidence.

    Currently, if they did so, the easiest case someone could make would be to say "well, THEY made those files available on a P2P network, they should have known someone would download them" or it could go so far as "that was entrapment".

    If this goes through for them, then they can set up servers that do nothing but send files to P2P clients, log the IP addresses and forward requests for information about those addresses to DSL and cable companies.
    • Re: (Score:3, Insightful)

      Currently, if they did so, the easiest case someone could make would be to say "well, THEY made those files available on a P2P network, they should have known someone would download them" or it could go so far as "that was entrapment"
      Entrapment only applies to law enforcement.
  • That they're asking for permission to do it... because they've already done it?

    I do.

    TLF
  • Why stop there? (Score:4, Insightful)

    by erroneus (253617) on Saturday April 07 2007, @04:23PM (#18650013) Homepage
    What they are asking for is a license to defraud.

    But why stop there? Why not go all the way and ask for a license to kill?
  • "[RIAA's Brad] Buckles said the recording industry had never, nor would it ever, assume someone's identity to access that person's phone or bank records."

    Oh, that's right, you can trust us. Because [slashdot.org] the MAFIAA [slashdot.org] has a long history [slashdot.org] of adhering to the highest standards [slashdot.org] of ethics and professional conduct [slashdot.org] in all of it's affairs, [slashdot.org] and would never engage in douchebaggery [slashdot.org] or outright lying [slashdot.org] to get what it wants. It would never bully innocent people [slashdot.org] or harass schools [slashdot.org], because that's immoral. But you can trust us, we'd never lie about our identity to access your personal information. How's that quote about obvious abuses, denial of intent, and intent to do exactly that ASAP go?

    Fuck the MPAA, Fuck the RIAA, Fuck the suits behind the BSA, and fuck them all for the DMCA! [futuristicsexrobotz.com]! The Recording Industry: Sometimes, the Two Minute's Hate is justified.
  • by Fantastic Lad (198284) on Saturday April 07 2007, @04:30PM (#18650063)
    I just watched, "The Corporation" again.

    The RIAA and MPAA are obviously psychotic. (The basic premise of the film is that corporations, which are considered 'people' under the law, are psychotic in nature. Real people have moral boundaries and consciences. Corporations, by comparison, don't have these handy little programs running in the background.)

    My question is that if corporations are considered people under law, then shouldn't they also be subject to the same kinds of provisions set aside for the criminally insane?

    --That is, shouldn't they have their citizen's rights limited so that they cannot do harm?


    -FL

  • by tji (74570) on Saturday April 07 2007, @04:49PM (#18650251)
    I don't like attributing these things to the lobbying organizations, MPAA and RIAA. That helps them hide the real source of this behavior. The companies who think they are above the law, and fund those organizations to use tactics like this. Why no give full credit where it is due:

    RIAA is primarily: EMI, Sony/BMG, Universal, and Warner

    MPAA is primarily: Disney, Sony, Paramount/Viacom, Fox, Universal, and Warner

    So, we're not talking about some evil rogue organization that wants to legalize their fraudulent activities.. We're talking about large, well known companies, which would think twice about their means if they started to get bad press.

    ** I'm not supporting piracy here. They have the right to protect their property, and should crack down on those pirating it. But, they should do it within the law, and without subverting our political system to buy congressmen and legislation to change the rules.
    • by Daniel Dvorkin (106857) * on Saturday April 07 2007, @05:38PM (#18650651) Homepage Journal
      We're talking about large, well known companies, which would think twice about their means if they started to get bad press.

      We're talking about large, well known companies which hack people's computers and sue little kids. "Bad press" is pretty obviously not a deterrent.
    • by Dun Malg (230075) on Saturday April 07 2007, @06:25PM (#18651013) Homepage

      RIAA is primarily: EMI, Sony/BMG, Universal, and Warner

      MPAA is primarily: Disney, Sony, Paramount/Viacom, Fox, Universal, and Warner

      So, we're not talking about some evil rogue organization that wants to legalize their fraudulent activities.. We're talking about large, well known companies, which would think twice about their means if they started to get bad press.
      I think we all know who the members of the RIAA/MPAA are. When's the last time you heard anyone say anything nice about any of those guys?

      ** I'm not supporting piracy here. They have the right to protect their property
      Copyright is not a property right. They do not own those songs/books/records/movies, we do, all of us. Those things are artifacts of our common culture. We have granted them a limited monopoly on copying, and nothing more. At some point, their lobbying to extend this limited monopoly into perpetuity ought to call into question their right to exercise this monopoly at all. I leave at as an exercise to the reader whether that point has been reached yet.
  • by Nom du Keyboard (633989) on Saturday April 07 2007, @04:58PM (#18650325)
    They would like the legislation to exempt anyone who owns a copyright, patent, trademark, or trade secret from restrictions against pretexting.

    RIAA and MPAA lobby to be exempt from jail and fines for anything they do. Spokesman quoted saying, "Hey, diplomats have this already, so it's hardly unprecedented."

    And...

    Applications for copyrights, patents, trademarks, and claimed Trade Secrets rise to an all-time high, especially in California. U.S. government spokesman reports, "If this continues, soon every American and illegal immigrant will have laid claim to some piece of intellectual property. I wonder why they'd all want to do this now?"

  • by BillGatesLoveChild (1046184) on Saturday April 07 2007, @07:13PM (#18651313) Journal
    > lobbying California legislators for an exemption to proposed legislation that would outlaw pretexting.

    Well why not? These guys already write in the DRM and Copyright extension laws for Congress. Right now everyday they break into tens and maybe hundreds of thousands of people's computers(*) to snoop around in the hope they might find you've got something of theirs. If you or I did this, we'd be sitting in a jail cell that has 'Kevin' scratched into the wall.

    (*) = Try this: Load PeerGuardian 2 from http://phoenixlabs.org/ [phoenixlabs.org] and watch them come!
    • by Rosco P. Coltrane (209368) on Saturday April 07 2007, @04:03PM (#18649809)
      this pretext bullshit is proof that lawyers are complete and utter scumbags.

      No, it's worse: the very fact that scumbag lawyers are even trying to get this exemption proves that they feel they have a chance to get it, which says a lot about the incompetence and/or corruption of the legislators. That alone is sad and worrying.
    • Re: (Score:3, Insightful)

      Scroll down a bit.

      All trademarks and copyrights on this page are owned by their respective owners. Comments are owned by the Poster. The Rest © 1997-2007 OSTG.

      Congratulations, after posting that comment you now own a copyright. Enjoy your "pretexting"* rights in California.

      *a practice formerly knows as "fraud"