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NOA to Sue for Flash Advance Linkers
Posted by
timothy
on Wed Feb 20, 2002 11:29 AM
from the subject-to-confiscation dept.
from the subject-to-confiscation dept.
SamMichaels writes: "I just received a letter from Nintendo of America claiming that Flash Advance Linkers violate the DMCA...I'm to cease sale in my store, and surrender all remaining units to Nintendo. The letter is posted on the front page of Zophar's Domain. Any pro bono lawyers out there?"
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Do what? (Score:4, Insightful)
Here's the info. (Score:4, Informative)
The Flash Advance Linker is the first professionial mass produced development device for the Gameboy(TM) Advance.
Just like a Cradle for your Palm or other Handheld Computer, the GBA Flash Advance Linker is plugged in to the printer port of your PC. Once connected, it can simply send and receive game ROM data from or to the plugged in game or Flash Cartridge.
Reading out game ROM data (dumping):
Once your original GBA game has been plugged in to the Flash Advance Linker, you can use the provided software to read out the rom data and save it to your local PC harddrive as a so-called ROM file. The Flash Advance Linker also lets you read out the savegame to store it in an extra file - you won't use any game data, e.g. when the battery in your original GBA game gets empty.
Sending ROM files to your empty cartridge (Flash Advance 64/128/256M):
Simply use the provided software to open the ROM file from your harddrive, it will then send the data through the printer port to the Flash Advance Linker, which will store the data in the Cartridge - just as when you connect your MP3 Player to your PC to 'fill' it with songs. Totally easy!
***
Yup, this can be used to pirate games. It can also be used to back them up, too... But hey, the DMCA doesn't care about that.
Parent
Want to arrest me for rape? (Score:5, Funny)
Surely there must be a distinction between owning equipment that has the potential to be used for copyright infringement and actually using it for illegal purposes. CD burners, floppy drives etc are legal so I can't see why this product can't be legal too.
Unfortunately I don't think it's going to be a case of who's right and who's wrong but rather Nintendo has a bigger legal budget than ZD.
Parent
Re:Want to arrest me for rape? (Score:5, Informative)
CD burners, floppy drives, VCRs cassette tapes, photo copiers, etc. have substancial non-infringing uses. Nintendo will argue that this product does not.
Parent
So wait... (Score:4, Interesting)
And did these units come through customs in the first place? If so, why weren't they held up then????
Re:So wait... (Score:5, Interesting)
How is the parent post flamebait?
You're right, he shouldn't have to turn the stock over to Nintendo. What the heck do they have to do with it? Are they some kind of governmental body or NGO? I mean, *he bought and paid for the units.*
Originally, there was precedent for banks seizing property if you didn't pay them, because, let's face it, you owed them money. This was similar to your neighbor coming and beating you up because you borrowed his club and didn't give it back. There was also precedent for governmental agencies (e.g. tax collectors) seizing property, for much the same reason.
Then, in the 1800's, the US got into "eminent domain." Basically, this means if the state doesn't agree with how you're using some land/property, they can seize it. But note, now for the first time it wasn't "theirs anyway," they're just flat out taking it.
...take a little step through seizing illegal drugs, etc...
and we wind up in the state we have nowadays, where college dorm rooms are routinely raided for computers. I mean, these are people in *college* for crying out loud! Can they really afford to replace their computers? If the FBI wants to take the warez ("illegal materials") or mp3's, shouldn't they just take the hard drives, give the seizee (I think I just invented a new word) a new equivalent capacity or value hard drive, and *oh* -- make sure to give them a copy of the OS too, since you wouldn't want them pirating Windows, which they will obviously do since you just gave them a new, blank hard drive [bsa.org], and that's how we count pirates! Oh, I forgot, it's the secret po^W^WFBI, and you're a Suspected Criminal, so that means all your base are belong to us! Welcome to the land of the free, biotch!
So obviously, IMO, having *anyone* seizing property because of an *alleged* violation of the DMCA is just way over the top.
---
Windows 2000/XP stable? safe? secure? 5 lines of simple C code say otherwise! [zappadoodle.com]
Parent
Re:So wait... (Score:5, Informative)
You're confusing eminent domain with civil forfeiture with evidence seizures.
Eminent domain - "We the state need to knock your house down to make a new road. You are entitled to compensation. We've decided that it's worth $100,000. If you don't like our assessment, there is a lengthy and difficult appeals process." (Not to be confused with the bullshit idea of "takings", where being prevented from raping the land is somehow supposed to be the same as having your deed revoked.)
Civil forfeiture - "We the state think your property has commited a crime. (Yes, not you, your property.) We're taking it. No trial. If you don't like it, you can try to sue us to get it back, and you can guess what the chances of success are." (Not to be confused with any sort of due process, justice, or civilized behavior.)
Evidence seizures - "We the state think you're doing something naughty with this stuff. We're taking it to investigate. Forget about getting it back in any reasonable period of time. If you don't like it...tough shit." (A necessary thing in theory, but highly abused in practice, especially with respect to computer-related crimes.)
This case - "We're not the government. We want your stuff or we'll sue and/or press charges, under a blatantly unconstitutional law we helped buy."
Parent
US Customs and how it most likely made it through (Score:4, Insightful)
usually when items liked this are shipped, they are marked in a way so that customs doesn't stop them. i have seen them shipped marked as "gift" with a value of "under $30 USD". coming from Hong Kong you can get an item in less than 10 business days in this manner.
it is a constant discussion around our office when someone's linker for their GBA arrives: how does US Customs know what is inside is not drugs, kiddie pr0n, etc?? we don't know. all we know is marking it in the above fashion seems to work.
no idea if the guy in this story got his sent marked as such, but i would bet he did.
Parent
Description (Score:5, Informative)
Re:Description (Score:3, Interesting)
Re:Description (Score:4, Insightful)
And besides, how are EULAs for GBAs and GBA games valid anyway? On a computer program, you at least have to click a button that says "Agree". There is nothing I signed or agreed to when I bought and used my GBA or my games, so no contract should apply, just the standard copyright laws.
Parent
FYI: The whole letter.... (Score:3, Informative)
Nintendo of America Inc. (NOA) is providing this letter of notification pursuant to the Digital Millennium Copyright Act, USC 17 1201(b) (DMCA) and the US Customs ruling dated December 20, 2001, regarding the import, distribution and sale of the Flash Advance Linker. US Customs confirmed the Flash Advance Linker violates the DMCA and is subject to confiscation.
This notice is addressed to the agent designated by Zophar's Domain to receive notifications of claimed infringements, as reflected in the current records of the U.S. Copyright Office.
NOA has a good faith belief that the internet site found at www.zophar.net infringes Nintendo's intellectual property rights by distributing illegal imports of the Flash Advance Linker in violation of section 1201(b) of the DMCA and subject to seizure under 19 USC 1595a(c)(2)(c) by US Customs.
The e-commerce page offering the Flash Advance Linker for sale was found on your site at:
http://www.zophar.net/store/items.phtml?gba-
Nintendo demands that you immediately cease the importation, distribution and sale of the Flash Advance Linker and turn over your remaining stock to Nintendo.
The Flash Advance Linker appearing on Zophar.net has been identified by its title, description [and/or] depictions of associated artwork. Based on the information at its disposal on February 19, 2002, NOA believes that the statements in this notice are accurate and correctly describe the infringing nature and status of the infringing material.
Should you have any questions, please contact Nintendo of America Inc. at the following address, telephone and fax numbers, and/or e-mail address:
Nintendo of America Inc.
Attn: Anti-Piracy Group
4820 150th Ave. NE
Redmond, WA 98052
Telephone: 425-861-2187
Fax: 425-882-3585
E-mail: Noalegal@noa.nintendo.com
We look forward to working with you to immediately resolve this matter.
Sincerely,
NINTENDO OF AMERICA INC.
DMCA section 1201(b) (Score:4, Informative)
(A) is primarily designed or produced for the purpose of circumventing protection afforded by a technological measure that effectively protects a right of a copyright owner under this title in a work or a portion thereof;
(B) has only limited commercially significant purpose or use other than to circumvent protection afforded by a technological measure that effectively protects a right of a copyright owner under this title in a work or a portion thereof; or
(C) is marketed by that person or another acting in concert with that person with that person's knowledge for use in circumventing protection afforded by a technological measure that effectively protects a right of a copyright owner under this title in a work or a portion thereof.
(IANAL) www.visoly.com markets the device as a means for independant game developers to produce their own cartridges. Unless you or someone you know is marketing it as a game copier, NOA would have to prove that independant game developers are a "limited commercially significant purpose", or that visoly is cooperating with someone who is marketing the device as a game copier.
Parent
Re:DMCA section 1201(b) (Score:4, Insightful)
> copyright owner under this title in a work or a portion thereof;
Mmm... if you circumvented it, how does it "effectively protect" anything?
Parent
Re:FYI: The whole letter.... (Score:4, Interesting)
http://www.hrrc.org/html/DMCA-leg-hist.html
DMCA history website.
http://www.loc.gov/copyright/
US Copyright office.
http://www.loc.gov/copyright/legislation/dmca.p
DMCA summary & analysis
Section 1201 of the DMCA is basically the anticircumvention stuff. It makes a distinction between devices that allow illegal access to copyrighted material and devices that make illegal copies of copyrighted material. The legal question here is, is this doodad a circumvention device? Does it illegally circumvent some encryption of the ROM data on the GBA cart? If not then it's an issue of, is this a fair use case of copying?
Parent
Re:FYI: The whole letter - this bit confuses me (Score:4, Funny)
Nintendo demands that you ... turn over your remaining stock to Nintendo.
What? Has Nintendo suddenly become part of US customs?!
Parent
Re:FYI: The whole letter.... (Score:5, Funny)
How are you gentlemen?
Nintendo of America Inc. (NOA) is providing this letter of notification pursuant to the Digital Millennium Copyright Act, USC 17 1201(b) (for great justice take off every zig) and the US Customs ruling dated December 20, 2001, regarding the import, distribution and sale of the Flash Advance Linker. US Customs confirmed the Flash Advance Linker violates the DMCA and is subject to confiscation.
This notice is addressed to the agent designated by Zophar's Domain to receive notifications of claimed infringements, as reflected in the current records of the U.S. Copyright Office.
NOA has a good faith belief that someone set up us the bomb by distributing illegal imports of the Flash Advance Linker in violation of section 1201(b) of the DMCA and subject to seizure under 19 USC 1595a(c)(2)(c) by US Customs.
The e-commerce page offering the Flash Advance Linker for sale was found on your site at:
http://www.zophar.net/store/items.phtml?gba-
Nintendo demands that you immediately cease the importation, distribution and sale of the Flash Advance Linker and all your base are belong to us
The Flash Advance Linker appearing on Zophar.net has been identified by its title, description [and/or] depictions of associated artwork. Based on the information at its disposal on February 19, 2002, NOA believes that the statements in this notice are accurate and correctly describe the infringing nature and status of the infringing material.
Should you have any questions, please move zig, move zig move zig at the following address, telephone and fax numbers, and/or e-mail address:
Nintendo of America Inc.
Attn: We get signal. What?
4820 Main screen turn on!
Redmond, WA 98052
Telephone: 425-861-2187
Fax: 425-882-3585
E-mail: Noalegal@noa.nintendo.com
We look forward to working with you to immediately resolve this matter. You are on the way to destruction. You have no chance to survive, make your time.
Sincerely,
NINTENDO OF AMERICA INC.
Parent
quick lets jump on the dmca bandwagon (Score:3, Insightful)
Some questions (Score:3, Informative)
What part of the DMCA gives NOA the right to ask for the unsold stock?
/. more effective than DMCA? (Score:4, Funny)
Cheaper than going to his ISP and cutting him off there, and certainly cheaper than legal battles
And the DMCA apply's how? (Score:4, Insightful)
Re:And the DMCA apply's how? (Score:3, Interesting)
Just like the GameCube, there is no chip in a GameCube that prevents you from using burned discs, because nobody has the ability to read, or write those little DVDs. You can play Japanese Gamecube Games in US Gamecubes and vice versa, the same goes for all Gameboys. Australian Gameboys for some reason do not play foreign games.
There really is no copy protection, so I don't think the DMCA applies. However I DO think that another law concerning the fact that Nintendo has a patent/copyright on the GBA cartridge format might make another law applicable.
Gameboy Programming (Score:5, Insightful)
Re:Gameboy Programming (Score:3, Funny)
I believe this is what the copyright cartels want, yes.
I'll do it... (Score:3, Insightful)
Just bring up video editing stations. They're perfectly legal, right? What do they allow you to do? You can pull video off a tape, DAT or DVD, and put video onto a tape, DAT or DVD. You need to do this in order to do your job as a video content producer. You can't do your job without this equipment. If the government were to make it illegal, you'd be screwed. Since video editing equipment is still legal, thus the standard is set.
Back to the Flash thingy. GBA programmers cannot do their job without a device to put code onto the carts and get it back off them, nor can they sell their product without a means to get the programs to people.
All you have to do to win is argue that this standard has already been set in the courts with the video equipment, a precedent therefore exists, and to top it off a bunch of small businesses (which America is supposed to adore) would be obliterated without this equipment they need to perform their legitimate occupations. Seems pretty easy to me.
Call me if you want me to argue the case.
There's only one flaw... (Score:3, Insightful)
How does the flash advance work? (Score:5, Insightful)
As to "pro bono" attorneys, why would you ever need to rely on that? You're just the buyer of a vendor's accused product. As the buyer of goods under the Uniform Commercial Code, you generally receive them subject to an implied warranty against infringement. Ordinarily, even if the warranty is expressly disclaimed, purchase orders still provide for indemnification of IP claims. Why not call the vendor and ask them why their "for a buck" lawyer isn't protecting you for free? You might also ask your insurance company if you have any coverage under you general umbrella, either for advertising injury or otherwise.
Of course, this isn't legal advise one way or the other. There aren't sufficient facts presented to indicate whether or not you would be liable, not liable for the demand or have, not have a claim for contribution from your vendors or distributors. It would make sense, and you really, really have to do this now, to have a lawyer at least look at the coverage questions.
Re:How does the flash advance work? (Score:3, Insightful)
I'm sure glad there are more than ten pins, or else we'd all have to get our fingers chopped off as anticircumvention devices.
It'd be nice to see this one go to trial. (Score:4, Interesting)
1) It CAN be used to copy games illegally. I don't think anyone will disagree.
2) It CAN be used to _legally_ copy games, or save data. Nintendo might try to disagree with this being legal, but I don't think they can convince anyone of that in a courtroom.
So, it has both uses that are legal, and those that infringe on copyright.
It's been awhile since I read the DMCA, so I'm not sure which particular provision selling this device is supposed to be violating. I'm guessing it's the sale/distribution of a copy-protection-circumvention device.
The hardware angle would be silly, so it must be that they claim copying their ROMs is the violation. Are GBA ROMs encrypted, or otherwise proof from copying beyond their storage on a chip in a funky plastic case?
Bottom line, I think these people could mount a fairly strong challenge to at least the lawsuit, and possibly take the route of the DMCA being unconstitutional: It's being used to make a _fair use_ under copyright -- space/time shifting of user data -- illegal.
Xentax
Why Nintendo went after them (READ) (Score:5, Informative)
Subj: Sales of illegal copier units
Date: 2/12/02 6:58:47 PM Pacific Standard Time
From: cultchyldren@aol.com
To: piracyscene@noa.nintendo.com
Dear NOA Legal:
During my searches to find LEGAL NOA distributers and local stores, I stumbled onto a very disturbing piracy site. It can be found at: http://www.zophar.net/. It is a site that has illegal emulators on it, but the most disturbing part is that they use the illegal emulators to draw in people to buy illegal copier units for the Gameboy Advance system.
I thought that I should inform you that people were making dishonest money from your products, and should be looked into quickly. These people should be shown that stealing is wrong. If you need a direct url to the problem, it can be found at: http://www.zophar.net/store/items.phtml?gba-acc
The guys from the site have a grudge against zophar.net that goes back years, not getting into it.
But I just wanted to clear up that this isn't just NOA laying down the law for no reason. This is just a form letter, a response to the e-mail that was sent to them above.
"Any pro bono lawyers out there?" (Score:3, Insightful)
Even if the EFF or another advocacy group is in a position to swoop down from the sky and help take your case, this is a major international corporation you're dealing with, and a broadly written law (the DMCA) that has many constitutional questions surrounding it. You will likely need to spend the money on a good attorney to represent you if you intend to fight this.
Exactly how does this violate DMCA (Score:4, Insightful)
Can customs make that judgement? (Score:3, Interesting)
I didn't know that US Customs was a body capable of ruling on whether a product violates the DMCA. Once something is determined to violate the DMCA, it would make sense that they could confiscate it but they are an enforcement organization.
From all descriptions I've read (not that many) the primary purpose of this device is to copy GBA roms to catridges that can be played on the GBA. All marketing I can find markets it as a development tool. I don't see how it meets the ``primarily designed for...'' requirements.
Then again, IANAL
I can tell you why NOA cares about this (Score:5, Insightful)
Emulators are not too much of a threat to a console. The games simply suck badly when played on a Keyboard, and PC controllers just dont feel right. But this allows you to play these games on a GBA. This is a direct threat to what is currently Nintendo's most consistent source of income. So of course they will go after it and try to kill it.
END COMMUNICATION
Re:I can tell you why NOA cares about this (Score:5, Informative)
Did they tell you this personally, or are you just pulling it out of thin air? Because they must have fucked up their marketing message with me. I've been using it to dev on for several months now, and I have never once put a commercial ROM on it. Where did I find out about it? From a promotion on a GBA development site, where they give a commission to the guy running the site if you buy one.
So how is GBA development not the intended market for the product, given the fact that they advertise heavily on all of the GBA amateur dev sites I visit?
Parent
You have no idea (Score:5, Insightful)
Parent
you guys are forgetting the point fo the DMCA (Score:3, Interesting)
Granted, I don't agree with the DMCA, but this device is *very clearly* a violation of it. It's not that it's *used* to make copies of protected material, but that it's *designed* to make copies of protected materials.
Going after the little guy. (Score:3, Insightful)
Here is the DNS for the manufacturers web site
Visoly
Henry Lo
Shop 64, G/F, 148 - 152 Fuk Wah Street, Shum Shui Po
Hong Kong, Kowloon -
HK
Phone: +852 23785236
Fax..: +852 23785237
Email: webmaster@visoly.com
I presume its harder to go after the HK connection, so shut down any US marketing and distribution for the product first. A cheap form lawyers letter might get you some results
I would suggest the recipient gets some quick PROPER legal advice first - THEN decides on his response
Errors (Score:3, Interesting)
Their letter doesn't explain what "technological measure" your product circumvents. After reading a description of the product, I am sceptical that there is any technological measure at all, so this doesn't look like a violation of 1201(b). At the end of the letter, they ask you to contact them if you have questions. It might be useful to get their clarification on what "technological measure" has been circumvented.
They also use the word "infringe" which implies that in addition to a DMCA violation, there is also a copyright infringement. But the letter doesn't explain. It sounds like Nintendo lawyers are making things up as they go along.
This isn't US Customs' job. If US Customs is spending my tax money hiring lawyers to research things on behalf of private corporations such as Nintendo, then I want my tax money back.
Nintendio has a good case. (Score:3, Insightful)
http://www.visoly.com/
This is the developer's site of the product in question, and right on the same page it links to a page on various Nintendo Emulators. Anything that could have implied "developer's tool" flew out the window just by having that link there. It'll be really tough for them to prove it's not a device intended for piracy.
There *is* a legal product out there for uninitiated developers out there. Check out this page:
http://www.mp3games.net/demo.htm
Basically, this is a product you can buy at Software Etc that allows you to write programs for the GBA and download them into a little cartridge. This device claims it won't play 'copyrighted games'. Once you write apps for the GBA, you can trade them on the net etc. To the best of my knowledge, it's still for sale. I don't think Nintendo is fighting this one because it's clearly a developer's device.
I'm against the DMCA, I think it's poorly executed. I've been very vocal about that here. But this is a case where I think Nintendo is in the right. If this product did have legit uses, it was VERY BONEHEADED to link to an emulator's site on the product page. I'm with Nintendo on this one.
"Any pro bono lawyers out there?" (Score:5, Informative)
of course the first place to start is the eff. If nothing else, they might be able to point you in the right direction.
I have a Game Boy Advance flash linker here... (Score:5, Informative)
While the flash linker can be used for piracy, this case is exactly the same as the one reported here earlier about the Dreamcast-PC serial cable. Just because it could be used for piracy doesn't mean it is.
Having said all that, I can see why Nintendo are going after this kit - GBA roms are easy to find on the net and are small enough that even the slowest modem connection can download them.
Nintendo are very different from companies like Sony and Microsoft in that they keep tight control of the content of any software developed for their hardware through draconian licences. They see their consoles as being aimed primarily at younger children and try to discourage development of 'adult' titles. Sites like http://foon.pocketheaven.com/ that carry unlicenced software weaken their position so, while being legal, their position is precarious. As a flash linker is required to get the software from unlicenced developers onto the GBA, it's no surprise that this is where Nintendo's attack lawyers would concentrate their efforts. The DMCA just makes them an even more tempting target.
--
Input error. Replace user and press any key to continue.
Remember, it's just a letter... (Score:5, Informative)
Dear Mr Michaels,
Get a grip. This is just a letter. Letters cost about a dollar to reproduce and send. They are typically used as intimidation techniques by lawyers when they know they don't have a legal leg to stand on.
If they file, then it means they're a bit more serious, but not much. Again, these filing is cheap, and often gets people to do what lawyers want even though they really don't have the legal right to demand it.
This is what you should do. Send them back a nice letter stating that the DCMA doesn't apply because these devices are not being used "solely for copyright circumvention" - they are being used for hobby gaming. This does two things. First, it states your legal position; they cannot claim you ignored the letter. Second, and more importantly, you are signal your willingness to actually fight this bullshit.
Believe me when I say that Corporate lawyers strongly recommend against suing a "little guy" on anything but a clear-cut case. Even if they win, it can do havok with their P.R., and it will cost them way way more money to pursue than they ever could recover.
Remember, because this isn't a contractual issue so there is no "looser pays in a legal dispute" clause to deal with. If they actually seriously pursue litigation, they're on the hook for their own legal fees, which makes it not worth it even if they do win.
Disclaimer - I am Not a Lawyer; however, I have used their services from time to time.
proof of legitimate use (Score:3, Interesting)
Re:you know... (Score:3, Interesting)
Re:you know... (Score:3, Interesting)
Ok, so what 'protective device' is there on a gameboy that is supposedly being circumvented?
Re:Well what did you expect? (Score:5, Insightful)
Parent
Re:Well what did you expect? (Score:5, Insightful)
Parent
Re:Well what did you expect? (Score:5, Insightful)
Um, so CD burners should be illegal because they can make exact duplicates of the original? How about CD copying software? How about blank CD's? For fsck's sake, man, how about computers in general? Heck, every time I boot, I'm reading copyrighted Microsoft (sorry, but it's true) material into my system's memory, goddamit!
Do you really believe the Sony/Nintendo/RIAA theory that anything that could possibly be used in an illegal manner should itself be illegal? I'm really curious. From Pentium processers to bleach, I'll bet I can find an illegal use for just about anything. Under this line of reasoning, rocks would be illegal because you could bang someone over the head with them. And don't try to claim "that's different", unless you're willing to argue that copyright violation is so much worse than murder that it merits much more legislative and judicial intervention in peoples' daily lives.
Bottom line: we're dangerously close to living in a system where intellectual property laws and cases operate on a presumption of guilt. That's just messed up.
Cheers
-b
Parent
Re:SamMicheals, what will you do? (Score:5, Insightful)
he's just going to ignore them for now.
He should not do this, this will only make the courts mad, because he is spitting in the face of the law. Instead, he should get a Lawyer to write a nice polite letter stating first, Nintendo has no right to demand nor confiscate the devices, only the Federal government can do so with the proper court order. Second, the devices are legal because they have at least one legal use, ie making legal backup copies of games, which is allowed under "Fair Use". The DMCA does not specificaly eliminate "Fair Use" (I could be wrong, maybe, it does specificaly eliminate "Fair Use"). This also provides Researchers a method of discovering new uses for the product, because new uses may have a greater benifit. Because this has not happened yet does not mean it is not possible, attempting to enforce the DMCA in this manner stifles creativity and inovation. Recently the RIAA has backed down from a similar case stating it was not the intent of the RIAA nor the DMCA to suppress research nor stifle inovation. The Research part of this maybe a stretch, but a good Lawyer could make it work.
Parent